Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39990199›Full record

ArticlePreventive medicine reports2025

Not just about pills: Findings from a national survey of pharmacists to understand their views on addressing social determinants of health.

Katherine A Meehan, Austin R Waters, Mary Wangen, Olufeyisayo O Odebunmi, Renée M Ferrari, Macary W Marciniak, Alison T Brenner, Stephanie B Wheeler, Parth D Shah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Preventive medicine reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Interprofessional Collaboration Between Community Health Workers and Pharmacists.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Katherine A MeehanDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Washington School of Pharmacy, Seattle, WA, USA.
Austin R WatersDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Mary WangenCenter for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Olufeyisayo O OdebunmiDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Renée M FerrariDepartment of Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Macary W MarciniakDivision of Practice Advancement and Clinical Education, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Alison T BrennerDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Stephanie B WheelerDepartment of Health Policy and Management, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Parth D ShahHutchinson Institute for Cancer Outcomes Research, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated community pharmacists' perspectives on addressing social determinants of health for their patients in the United States. Methods: From 9/2022-1/2023, we conducted a national, online survey of 578 pharmacists to evaluate their perspectives on social barriers affecting their patients, their pharmacy staff's ability to address these social barriers, and resources available or needed to address barriers. Results: Healthcare access and quality was perceived as the most addressable social barrier (59 %), while education (24 %) and neighborhood/built environment were perceived as the least addressable (14 %). Staff capacity to address social needs was significantly associated with increases in the pharmacy's ability to address social determinants of health across all five domains. Pharmacists were more likely to report adequate staff capacity if they practiced in independent community pharmacies. Conclusions: Pharmacists commonly address social determinants of health of their patients, but most lack adequate staff capacity to address patient social barriers. Pharmacies with capacity can only address a portion of the social needs of their patient population. Greater access to resources and staffing support are needed to improve pharmacy's role in addressing patient unmet social needs.

Indexed as

PharmacistPharmacySocial BarriersSocial CareSocial Determinants of Health

Identifiers

PMID39990199
PMCPMC11846570

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.