ReviewMolecular and clinical oncology2025
PD‑1/PD‑L1 immune checkpoint in bone and soft tissue tumors (Review).
Review in Molecular and clinical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immunotherapeutic strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer: A systematic review of mechanisms, clinical advances and emerging approaches.Molecular biology reports · 2026Pooled it
- β-defensin-3 promoted osteosarcoma progression via activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and regulated tumor immune response.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Tumor habitat characteristics derived from intravoxel incoherent motion for early response assessment in soft tissue sarcoma undergoing neoadjuvant radiotherapy and targeted therapy: a phase II study.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Biology, Pathophysiology, and Histopathology in the Era of H3F3A.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Identification of Key Bioactive Compounds of Medicine-Food Homologous Substances and Their Multi-Target Intervention Effects in Osteosarcoma Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- PD-L1 mRNA expression correlates with tumor growth rate in giant cell tumor of bone: a volumetric MRI analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- UpregulatedImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- Advances in the association between tumor immune microenvironment remodeling in osteosarcoma and the risk of pathological fractures.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Novel PD-L1 Small-Molecule Inhibitors Advancing Cancer Immunotherapy.Anti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Involvement of the thioredoxin system in multiple diseases: A focus on mechanisms of action in autophagy and ferroptosis (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Microsatellite instability and PD-L1 expression in sarcomas: current evidence and clinical perspectives.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Review
- Genetic Variants and Soluble Isoforms of PD-1/PD-L1 as Novel Biomarkers for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) Susceptibility and Prognosis.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Thermo-responsive nano-hydrogel-based delivery of Saikosaponin a to enhance anti-PD-1 therapy in osteosarcoma.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/PD-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1) drugs have been used clinically, including those for skin cancer, with reasonable efficacy. Despite extensive ongoing research on bone and soft tissue sarcomas, there is a paucity of reviews that present a coherent picture. The present article is a comprehensive narrative review on the role of the PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint in bone and soft tissue tumors. The review outlines the biological functions and mechanisms of action of PD-1/PD-L1 and its expression and clinical significance in various tumor types, including osteosarcoma and soft tissue sarcoma. Clinical trial results of immune checkpoint inhibitors, their association with prognosis, mechanisms of resistance to therapy, immune-related adverse events, and their potential in combination therapies, were also discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.