ArticleJournal of the American Heart Association2025
Health Care Use and Expenditures Associated With Cardiac Rehabilitation Among Eligible Medicare Fee-for-Service Beneficiaries.
Article in Journal of the American Heart Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association Between Copayments and Attendance in Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Nationwide Analysis From the AACVPR Registry.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Exercise Rehabilitation for Heart Failure and Associated Cardiomyopathies.Current cardiology reports · 2025Review
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Trends Among Commercially Insured Adults in the United States, 2017-2023.Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCardiac rehabilitation (CR) can improve cardiovascular health. We identified whether CR participation was associated with fewer subsequent inpatient hospitalizations and emergency department visits and less Medicare and out-of-pocket expenditures, and whether outcomes varied by amount of participation.
methodsThis retrospective study used Medicare fee-for-service claims data, including beneficiaries with a CR-qualifying event in 2016. Participants attended ≥2 sessions of CR within 365 days of the event. Propensity score matching was used to identify CR-eligible nonparticipants. Difference-in-differences analyses were used to compare differences in outcomes before (2014-2015) and after (2018-2019; 2-year CR period=2016-2017) the CR period between participants and nonparticipants.
resultsWe identified 57 668 CR-eligible beneficiaries after matching, with equal numbers of participants and nonparticipants. Nearly 65% of beneficiaries had a percutaneous coronary intervention, 33.5% had an acute myocardial infarction, 17.5% had a coronary artery bypass graft, and 16.8% had a heart valve repair/replacement. Compared with nonparticipants, participants had 47.6 fewer subsequent annual inpatient hospitalizations per 1000 beneficiaries (95% CI, -58.8 to -36.3) and $1005 lower subsequent annual Medicare expenditures per beneficiary (95% CI, -$1352 to -$659). Compared with no participation, medium participation (12-23 sessions), high participation (24-35 sessions), and CR completion (≥36 sessions) were associated with fewer inpatient hospitalizations and lower Medicare expenditures per year.
conclusionsCR was associated with fewer subsequent annual inpatient hospitalizations and lower subsequent annual Medicare expenditures. A higher amount of participation was associated with a further reduction in hospitalizations and expenditures. These findings can inform programs and policies that encourage CR participation.
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