ArticleJournal of behavioral medicine2025
Perceived and internalized smoking stigma among pregnant women: association with smoking reduction, reactance to smoking health warnings, and intention to discuss smoking with health professionals.
Article in Journal of behavioral medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Association between preterm birth and cigarette smoking among pregnant women in Africa: Systematic review and Meta-analysis.Journal of public health research · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTobacco is an addictive substance associated with numerous serious health effects during pregnancy. Pregnant women who smoke face considerable social disapproval, which could be a barrier to seeking healthcare and ultimately to smoking cessation. This study explored how perceived stigma (i.e., smokers' beliefs about negative judgments of them) and internalized stigma (i.e., internalization of stigmatizing attitudes toward them) may be associated with smoking reduction during pregnancy, reactions to smoking health warnings, and the intention to discuss smoking with health professionals.
methodsA total of 83 pregnant French women who smoke were recruited from maternity wards and online. Participants filled out self-administered online questionnaires assessing smoking dependance (Cigarette Dependance Scale, CDS-5), perceived and internalized smoking stigma (Pregnant Smoker Stigma Scale - Self Stigma, P3S-SS), depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, EPDS), reactance to smoking health warnings (shortened version of the Reactance to Health Warnings Scale), and intention to discuss smoking with health professionals (dedicated questionnaire).
resultsIn multiple regression analyses that controlled for depressive symptoms and dependance scores, perceived stigma was associated with more reactance (β = 0.35) and less smoking reduction (β = -0.31), whereas internalized stigma was associated with less reactance (β = - 0.0.28). Finally, reactance was associated with less intention to discuss smoking with healthcare professionals (β = -0.26).
conclusionsThese results suggest that perceived stigma may influence reactance to health warnings and smoking reduction during pregnancy, while also indicating that reactance could reduce the intention to consult healthcare professionals. Public health stakeholders should consider how to address the stigmatization of people who smoke, particularly pregnant women, in health communication strategies.
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Registered trials
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