ArticleDrug testing and analysis2025
Workplace Drug Testing-Prevalence of Positive Test Results, Most Common Substances, and Importance of Medical Review.
Article in Drug testing and analysis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Origin and Interpretation of Low Methamphetamine Levels Found in Amphetamine-Positive Urine Samples: Support for Methylation of Amphetamine as a Minor Metabolic Pathway.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
- Workplace Drug Testing-Prevalence of Positive Test Results, Most Common Substances, and Importance of Medical Review.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent data indicate that the use of controlled substances is increasing in working life, which can negatively affect work environment, performance, and safety. Many employers have an alcohol and drug policy that describes routines for preventive measures and early detection of illicit drug use. This often includes drug tests that provide objective information about recent use, and can be done routinely, randomly, and on suspicion. For some substances, however, a positive drug test may also result from prescription as medicine. Controlled substances that are abused and prescribed include amphetamines (ADHD medication), benzodiazepines and opiates. In a 2023 study of 23,900 urine and oral fluid drug test results from Swedish workplaces, 4.6% tested positive for one or more controlled substances. Most samples were collected in connection with random testing (40%) and new employment (36%), whereas the highest proportions of drug-positive samples were observed in cases related to accidents or incidents, or on suspicion of drug use. The highest percentage of positive random drug tests was recorded in the construction sector. The most common substances were cannabis (> 40% of cases), amphetamine (> 20%), and cocaine and benzodiazepines (> 10% each). However, many samples containing opiates (71% of cases), amphetamine (63%) and benzodiazepines (44%) were verified by a specialist trained Medical Review Officer (MRO) to be due to medical prescription, while those containing cannabis or cocaine were almost entirely due to illicit drug use. Considering the potentially negative consequences of a positive drug test in working life, an MRO should verify the results before they become final.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.