Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39985021›Full record

ReviewStem cell research & therapy2025

Apoptotic mesenchymal stem cells and their secreted apoptotic extracellular vesicles: therapeutic applications and mechanisms.

Ruoxuan Wang, Jiao Fu, Jihui He, Xinxin Wang, Wenbo Xing, Xiaojing Liu, Juming Yao, Qingsong Ye, Yan He

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Stem cell research & therapy, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Stem cells international · 2026
    Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ruoxuan Wang *Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Jiao Fu *Institute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Jihui HeInstitute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Xinxin WangInstitute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Wenbo XingInstitute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Xiaojing LiuInstitute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Juming YaoInstitute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
Qingsong YeCenter of Regenerative Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China. qingsongye@whu.edu.cn.
Yan HeInstitute of Regenerative and Translational Medicine, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. helen-1101@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0949-8525

Funding

the Hubei Provincial Health and Health Commission Research Project No. WJ2023M121the open laboratory fund of Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration 2022kqhm005Wuhan University of Science and Technology startup fund (Chu Tian Scholars Program) X22020024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), an accessible and less ethically controversial class of adult stem cells, have demonstrated significant efficacy in treating a wide range of diseases in both the preclinical and clinical phases. However, we do not yet have a clear understanding of the mechanisms by which MSCs exert their therapeutic effects in vivo. We found that the transplanted MSCs go an apoptotic fate within 24 h in vivo irrespective of the route of administration. Still, the short-term survival of MSCs do not affect their long-term therapeutic efficacy. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that transplantation of apoptotic MSCs (ApoMSCs) show similar or even better efficacy than viable MSCs, including a variety of preclinical disease models such as inflammatory diseases, skin damage, bone damage, organ damage, etc. Although the exact mechanism has yet to be explored, recent studies have shown that transplanted MSCs undergo apoptosis in vivo and are phagocytosed by phagocytes, thereby exerting immunomodulatory effects. The apoptotic extracellular vesicles secreted by ApoMSCs (MSC-ApoEVs) play a significant role in promoting immunomodulation, endogenous stem cell regeneration, and angiogenesis due to their apoptotic properties and inheritance of molecular characteristics from their parental MSCs. On this basis, this review aims to deeply explore the therapeutic applications and mechanisms of ApoMSCs and their secretion of MSC-ApoEVs, as well as the challenges they face.

Indexed as

ApoptosisExtracellular VesiclesMesenchymal Stem CellsMesenchymal Stem Cell TransplantationAnimalsHumansAnti-inflammatoryApoptotic extracellular vesiclesCompensatory proliferationEfferocytosisMesenchymal stem cells

Identifiers

PMID39985021
PMCPMC11846181

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.