ArticleBMC biology2025
The origin, evolution, and translocation of sex chromosomes in Silurus catfish mediated by transposons.
Article in BMC biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bony fish genomes: Status and gaps.Journal of fish biology · 2026Review
- Evolution of a ZW sex determination system in sticklebacks.Science advances · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Characterization of Sex-Linked Regions in the Sangzhi Horned Toad (Boulenophrys sangzhiensis) Reveals Complex Sex Determination Mechanisms.Molecular ecology resources · 2026Article
- A near telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of Pterocryptis cochinchinensis.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Beyond inversions and deletions: the evolutionary and functional insights from translocations, fissions, and fusions in animal genomes.Heredity · 2026Review
- Comparative RNA-Seq Analysis of Differentially Expressed Genes in the Testis and Ovary of Mudskipper,Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Male and Female Gonads inAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Review
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12 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSex chromosome (SC) evolution is a longstanding topic of focus in evolutionary biology. Teleosts often exhibit rapid turnover of SCs and sex-determining (SD) genes, alongside a diverse range of SC differentiation mechanisms.
resultsOn the basis of new chromosome-scale assemblies of three Silurus species (S. microdorsalis, S. glanis, and S. lanzhouensis) and two outgroup species (Pterocryptis cochinchinensis and Kryptopterus bicirrhis), along with our previous assemblies of S. meridionalis and S. asotus, we traced the evolution of SC in the Silurus genus (Siluriformes), following the fate of the known SD gene amhr2y. Phylogenetic analysis showed that amhr2y occurred at least before the divergence of Pterocryptis, Kryptopterus, and Silurus and lost in P. cochinchinensis and K. bicirrhis. Chr24 has become the SC in the ancestor of five Silurus species due to the duplication-and-translocation of amhr2 mediated by LTR transposon. Then, a proto Y was formed and maintained with a shared 60 kb male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY) by transposable elements (TEs) expansion and gene gathering. Due to the continuous TEs accumulation, genes other than amhr2y in MSYs have degenerated or been lost, while non-recombinant regions continue to expend, forming MSYs of different sizes in different Silurus species (from 320 to 550 kb). Two turnover events, one homologous (from the left arm to the right arm of Chr24) and one nonhomologous (from Chr24 to Chr5), occurring among five Silurus species were possibly mediated by hAT and Helitron transposons.
conclusionsOur results on the dynamic evolutionary trajectory of SD gene amhr2y, MSYs, and SCs in Silurus catfish indicated the variability and diversity of fish SCs and confirmed that frequent turnover is an important way to maintain the homology and low differentiation of fish SCs.
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