ArticleBMC medicine2025
Prospective associations between muscle strength and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes with incident type 2 diabetes: a UK Biobank study.
Article in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The effect of exercise characteristics on HbA1c and other cardiovascular risk factors in adults with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Pooled it
- Associations of Accelerometer-Derived "Weekend Warrior" Physical Activity Pattern With Incident First Cardiometabolic Disease and Cardiometabolic Multimorbidity in Individuals With Hypertension.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Accelerometer-derived physical activity, sarcopenia, and grip strength as modifiers of type 2 diabetes risk.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association and integrative analyses of relative handgrip strength identify polygenic determinants of gastrointestinal disorder susceptibility.BMC gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Physical performance outweighs grip strength in predicting diabetes risk: evidence from a prospective cohort study.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study explored whether the prospective associations between muscle strength and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) differ by varying levels of genetic susceptibility to T2D.
methodsThis study included 141,848 white British individuals from the UK Biobank. Muscle strength was expressed as the relative value of grip strength (measured by a hand dynamometer) divided by fat-free mass (measured via bioelectrical impedance analysis). Three categories of muscle strength (low, medium and high) were generated based on the sex- and age-specific tertiles. Genetic risk of T2D was estimated using a weighted polygenic risk score based on 138 independent single-nucleotide polymorphisms for T2D. During a median 7.4-year follow-up, 4,743 incident T2D cases were accrued. Cox regression with age as the underlying timescale was fit.
resultsHigh muscle strength was associated with a 44% lower hazard of T2D (HR:0.56, 95%CI:0.52-0.60), compared with low muscle strength, after adjustment for genetic risk of T2D. The inverse association between muscle strength and incident T2D was weaker in individuals with high genetic susceptibility. There was evidence of interaction between muscle strength and genetic susceptibility to T2D (p-additive = 0.010, p-multiplicative = 0.046). The estimated 8-year absolute risk of T2D was lower for high genetic risk-high muscle strength (2.47%), compared with low (2.89%) or medium (4.00%) genetic risk combined with low muscle strength.
conclusionsHigher muscle strength was associated with lower relative risk of developing T2D, irrespective of genetic susceptibility to T2D, while such association was weaker in the high genetic risk group. Individuals at high genetic risk of T2D but with high muscle strength may have a lower 8-year absolute risk of developing T2D, compared with those at low or medium genetic risk but with low muscle strength. Our findings inform future clinical trials to prevent or delay the onset of T2D by implementing muscle-strengthening interventions among individuals of varying levels of genetic susceptibility to T2D, including those with high genetic risk.
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