Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39984898›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2025

Effects of life rules on mental health and behavioral problems among adolescent and youth students: A survey after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in China.

Qing-Qing Xiao, Xue-Hua Huang, Jing Yang, Cong Wang, Yun-Fei Mu, Jia Cai, Zhong-Yue Deng, Yu Wang, Ai-Ping Deng, Hong-Jun Song and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Qing-Qing XiaoMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Xue-Hua HuangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. huangxuehua10@163.com.
Jing YangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Cong WangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Yun-Fei MuMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Jia CaiMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Zhong-Yue DengMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Yu WangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Ai-Ping DengSchool of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Hong-Jun SongSchool of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Jin ChenDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Chang-Jian QiuMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Jun ZhangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Bin LiMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Jiang LongMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Xian-Dong MengMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Lan ZhangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Yi HuangMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
Ru GaoWenjiang People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610037, Sichuan, China.
Jun-Shu ZhaoYa'an Fourth People's Hospital, Ya'an, 625000, Sichuan, China.
Bing-Zhi ZhangYa'an Fourth People's Hospital, Ya'an, 625000, Sichuan, China.
Mao-Sheng RanMental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China. msrancd@outlook.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo explore the impact of life rules (including individual's life habits and life patterns, such as diet, sleep, and learning styles) on mental health and behavioral problems among adolescent and youth students after the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions in Sichuan, China and analyze the influencing factors of life rules.

methodsAn online survey was conducted in middle schools, high schools, colleges and universities in Sichuan Province, China, from December 14, 2022, to February 28, 2023. Demographic information, COVID-19 epidemic-related questions, behavioral and mental health information were collected. Pearson chi-square tests and One-way ANOVA were used to compare the differences of drinking/smoking, suicidal ideation and attempts, internet addiction, anxiety, depression and PTSD among groups with different life rules. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of life rules.

resultsA total of 82,873 eligible participants (aged 12-24 years) were included in this study, 40,519 participants (48.9%) reported that their life rules were partially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and 6,461 participants (7.8%) reported that their life rules were severely disrupted. A total of 61.2% of participants partially recovered their life rules, and 8.6% of participants did not recover their life rules. There were statistically significant differences among different groups in terms of drinking/smoking habits, frequency of drinking/smoking in the past year, volume of drinking/smoking, internet addiction, anxiety and depression symptoms, PTSD, suicidal ideation and attempts (all P < 0.01). There were significant differences in the degree of impact and recovery of life rules among different genders, residence, grade, family economic level, home study status, academic level, infection and isolation status (all P < 0.01).

conclusionsAdolescent and youth students with disrupted life rules during and after the COVID-19 pandemic had significantly more mental health and behavioral problems. Targeted and specific psychosocial interventions should be urgently needed to reduce the mental health and behavioral problems among students.

Indexed as

COVID-19Life StyleMental DisordersMental HealthStudentsAdolescentAnxietyChildChinaFemaleHumansMaleSuicidal IdeationSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultBehaviorsChinaLife rulesMental healthStudents

Identifiers

PMID39984898
PMCPMC11846201

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.