SynthesisBiological trace element research2025
The Systematic Analysis of the Impact of China Water Improvement and Fluoride Reduction Project on Children.
Synthesis in Biological trace element research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global groundwater contamination by geogenic fluoride.Environmental geochemistry and health · 2026Pooled it
- Probing the Biological Plausibility of Fluoride as an Endocrine Disruptor.Birth defects research · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Endemic fluorosis is a serious public health problem in China. In order to improve the quality of drinking water, China has implemented water rehabilitation and fluoride reduction projects, but their effect on children's health outcomes is unclear. This study reviewed relevant literature published in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang from the date of establishment to October 2024. Data related to demographic characteristics, duration of the water improvement project, geographical location, drinking water fluoride levels, and prevalence of dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride levels in children aged 8 to 12 years were extracted and analyzed using fixed-effects and random-effects models. With the improvement of water quality, the fluoride content decreased from 2.34 to 0.67 mg/L (drinking water standard, 1.5 mg/L). This was accompanied by a decrease in the prevalence of dental fluorosis from 56.7 to 28.8%. In regions where the drinking water fluoride content was within the limit, the prevalence of dental fluorosis decreased from 29.7 to 15.6%. The duration of implementation and geographical features of the regions under study had a significant impact on the prevalence of dental fluorosis. Finally, the urinary fluoride level decreased from 2.58 to 1.15 mg/L. The water improvement and fluoride reduction initiative effectively reduced the drinking water fluoride content and the urinary fluoride levels and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children living in fluorosis-endemic areas in China. The improvement was associated with the geographical features of regions and the implementation time of the project.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.