Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39984758›Full record

Reviewnpj antimicrobials and resistance2025

Rethinking the words hostspot reservoir and pristine in the environmental dimensions of antimicrobial resistance.

Richard Helliwell, Isabel Ewin, Alexander D Williams, Diane T Levine, Andrew C Singer, Sujatha Raman, Carol Morris, Dov J Stekel

Erratum issuedAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in npj antimicrobials and resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Old drugs, new weapons: current trends in repurposing therapies against antimicrobial resistance.Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Richard HelliwellSchool of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Isabel EwinSchool of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, College Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK.
Alexander D WilliamsLaboratory of Data Discovery for Health Ltd, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Tai Po, Hong Kong, PR China.
Diane T LevineSchool of Criminology, Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Andrew C SingerUK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4705-6063
Sujatha RamanCentre for Public Awareness of Science, Australian National University, Linnaeus Way, Acton ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia.
Carol MorrisSchool of Geography, University of Nottingham, University Park Campus, Nottingham, UK.
Dov J StekelSchool of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, College Road, Loughborough, Leicestershire, UK. dov.stekel@nottingham.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2492-8079

Funding

RCUK | Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) NE/N019881/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We assess three words commonly used to represent the environmental dimensions of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) - 'hotspot', 'reservoir' and 'pristine' - through two questions: how are these terms used in published research; and how do these terms shape research being conducted? We advocate for the community to reflect on and improve its use of language, and suggest four potentially more productive and precise terms for AMR hazard: presence; transmission; evolution and connectivity.

Identifiers

PMID39984758
PMCPMC11845593

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.