Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39984703›Full record

ReviewNature biomedical engineering2025

Molecular probes for in vivo optical imaging of immune cells.

Jing Liu, Penghui Cheng, Cheng Xu, Kanyi Pu

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature biomedical engineering, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Recent Advances in Fluorescent Probes for Imaging Enzyme Activity in NETosis.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. In Situ Lipoprotein-seeking Dye for in Vivo Real-Time Imaging of Lipid Dysregulation Diseases.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Jing LiuSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Penghui ChengSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
Cheng XuSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5838-7979
Kanyi PuSchool of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore. kypu@ntu.edu.sg.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8064-6009

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advancing the understanding of the various roles and components of the immune system requires sophisticated methods and technology for the detection of immune cells in their natural states. Recent advancements in the development of molecular probes for optical imaging have paved the way for non-invasive visualization and real-time monitoring of immune responses and functions. Here we discuss recent progress in the development of molecular probes for the selective imaging of specific immune cells. We emphasize the design principles of the probes and their comparative performance when using various optical modalities across disease contexts. We highlight molecular probes for imaging tumour-infiltrating immune cells, and their applications in drug screening and in the prediction of therapeutic outcomes of cancer immunotherapies. We also discuss the use of these probes in visualizing immune cells in atherosclerosis, lung inflammation, allograft rejection and other immune-related conditions, and the translational opportunities and challenges of using optical molecular probes for further understanding of the immune system and disease diagnosis and prognosis.

Indexed as

Immune SystemMolecular ImagingMolecular ProbesOptical ImagingAnimalsAtherosclerosisHumansNeoplasmsMolecular Probes

Identifiers

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.