Trial reportNature communications2025
Immune checkpoint inhibitors plus debulking surgery for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: clinical outcomes and immunological correlates of a prospective pilot trial.
Trial report in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02210117 (A Pilot Randomized Tissue-Based Study Evaluating Anti-PD1 Antibody or Anti-PD1 + Bevacizumab or Anti-PD1 + Anti-CTLA-4 in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Who Are Eligible for Cytoreductive Nephrectomy, Metastasectomy or Post-Treatment Biopsy), which is not on this map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Pilot Randomized Tissue-Based Study Evaluating Anti-PD1 Antibody or Anti-PD1 + Bevacizumab or Anti-PD1 + Anti-CTLA-4 in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Who Are Eligible for Cytoreductive Nephrectomy, Metastasectomy or Post-Treatment Biopsy
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Nivolumab plus ipilimumab for chemotherapy-refractory metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: results from the randomized portion of the phase 2 CheckMate 650 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Clinical indications and implications of metastasis-directed therapy and primary-site treatment in metastatic urothelial carcinoma.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Review
- [A transition from targeting immune evasion to a multidisciplinary collaborative treatment framework for "homotherapy for heteropathy" in liver metastases].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
- Neutrophils in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Cytoreductive nephrectomy in the era of immune-checkpoint inhibitors: back to the future?BJU international · 2026Review
- Article
- PRECOG update: an augmented resource of clinical outcome associations with gene expression for adult, pediatric, and immunotherapy cohorts.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Outcomes of pulmonary metastasectomy in urological cancer: insights from a retrospective cohort.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Macrophage-Dendritic Cell-T-Cell Tetrads Orchestrate Antitumor Immunity and Response to Checkpoint Blockade.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint therapy: Enabling insights into fundamental human immunology and clinical benefit.Cancer cell · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
27 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Surgical removal of primary tumors reverses tumor-mediated immune suppression in pre-clinical models with metastatic disease. However, how cytoreductive surgery in the metastatic setting modulates the immune responses in patients, especially in the context of immune checkpoint therapy (ICT), is not understood. We report the first prospective, pilot, non-comparative clinical trial (NCT02210117) to evaluate the feasibility, clinical benefits, and immunologic changes of combining three different ICT-containing strategies with cytoreductive surgery or biopsy for patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Primary safety endpoint of this trial has been met, with 43 patients completing cytoreductive surgery, 36 patients undergoing post-ICT biopsy, and 25 patients without either procedure due to progressive disease or toxicities or withdrawal of consent (total N = 104). Patients receiving ICT with cytoreductive surgery or biopsy, did not experience additional ICT- or procedure-related toxicities. The median overall survival was 54.7 months for patients who received ICT plus cytoreductive surgery. Immune-monitoring studies demonstrated that cytoreductive surgery increased antigen-presenting dendritic cell population and decreased KDM6B-expressing immune-suppressive myeloid cells in the peripheral blood. This study highlighted the feasibility of combining ICT with cytoreductive surgery in a metastatic setting and demonstrated the potential enhancement of immune responses following ICT plus cytoreductive surgery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.