Insights from omics research on plant-based diets and cardiometabolic health.

Hyunju Kim, Casey M Rebholz

Abstract readReview

In one paragraph

Review in Trends in endocrinology and metabolism: TEM, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Hyunju KimDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA; Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Casey M RebholzDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology, and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: crebhol1@jhu.edu.

Funding

Discovery, Replication, and Validation of Biomarkers of the DASH Diet and HypertensionR01HL153178 · NHLBI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI REBHOLZ, CASEY MARIE · 2021 to 2024

$3.1M

Proteomic and epigenetic alterations associated with plant-based diets and CVDK01HL168232 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Hyunju Kim · 2023 to 2026

$683k

NHLBI NIH HHS K01 HL168232NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL153178

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Plant-based diets emphasize higher intake of plant foods and are low in animal products. Individuals following plant-based diets have a lower risk of chronic conditions; however, the mechanisms underlying these associations are not completely understood. Omics data have opened opportunities to investigate the mechanistic effect of dietary intake on health outcomes. Here, we review omics analyses of plant-based diets in feeding and observational studies, showing that although metabolomics and proteomics identified candidate biomarkers and distinct pathways modifiable by plant-based diets, current evidence from transcriptomics and methylomics is limited. We also argue that future studies should examine how unhealthful plant-based diets are associated with a higher risk of health outcomes and integrate multiple omics data from feeding studies to provide further mechanistic insights.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiet, VegetarianAnimalsDiet, Plant-BasedHumansMetabolomicsProteomicsmechanismsmetabolomicsmethylomicsplant-based dietsproteomicstranscriptomics

Identifiers

PMID39984401

DOI10.1016/j.tem.2025.01.007

PMCPMC12133424

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.