ReviewTrends in cognitive sciences2025
Predictive coding: a more cognitive process than we thought?
Review in Trends in cognitive sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Brain Network Dynamics of Local and Global Predictive Processing in Aging.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Embodied pathways of recovery: interoceptive change and the reduction of depressive symptoms following Tai Chi in women aged 40-55 years.Archives of women's mental health · 2026Article
- Toward a Predictive Coding Account of Hypnotic Hypoalgesia: Integrating EEG Oscillations and Somatosensory Evoked Responses.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Neural tracking of prosodic and statistical rhythms jointly supports artificial language learning.iScience · 2026Article
- The primate claustrum as a hub for precision weighting of prediction errors across the cortical hierarchy.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Ontology-constrained multi-LLM scoring of hypothesis support in the predictive processing literature.Research square · 2026Article
- Global context rapidly shapes sensory responses in V1.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Validating a gamified size perception task for identifying cognitive profiles in children: a latent profile analysis of executive function and sensory measures.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Contrasting predictive coding and representational accounts of perceptual organization, stimulus predictability, and attentional modulation in the visual cortical hierarchy.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2026Review
- Article
- The neurobiology of human sequential signal prediction: Insights from language, music, and mathematics.Neuroscience research · 2026Review
- Evaluating the compatibility of predictive coding as a model of linguistic predictability effects in reading.Frontiers in cognition · 2026Review
- Cross-spatial scale processing of hierarchical auditory sequences in human brains revealed using 7 T magnetic resonance imaging.Nature communications · 2025Article
- The exploration of consciousness in insects.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025Review
- A genetic algorithm for self-supervised models of oscillatory neurodynamics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Hierarchical substrates of prediction in visual cortical spiking.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Duet model unifies diverse neuroscience experimental findings on predictive coding.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
In predictive coding (PC), higher-order brain areas generate predictions that are sent to lower-order sensory areas. Top-down predictions are compared with bottom-up sensory data, and mismatches evoke prediction errors. In PC, the prediction errors are encoded in layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons of sensory cortex that feed forward. The PC model has been tested with multiple recording modalities using the global-local oddball paradigm. Consistent with PC, neuroimaging studies reported prediction error responses in sensory and higher-order areas. However, recent studies of neuronal spiking suggest that genuine prediction errors emerge in prefrontal cortex (PFC). This implies that predictive processing is a more cognitive than sensory-based mechanism - an observation that challenges PC and better aligns with a framework we call predictive routing (PR).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.