Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39984187›Full record

ReviewPediatric blood & cancer2025

RAS Pathway Mutations and Therapeutics in Vascular Anomalies.

Sara Alharbi, Svatava Merkle, Adrienne M Hammill, Andrew M Waters, Timothy D Le Cras

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pediatric blood & cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. RAS Inhibitor RMC-7977 Blocks Vascular Overgrowth of NRASJournal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2026
    Article
  2. Sirolimus outperforms alpelisib in models ofBlood vessels, thrombosis & hemostasis · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Sara AlharbiCancer and Cell Biology Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4477-9592
Svatava MerkleDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7604-3849
Adrienne M HammillDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0820-4924
Andrew M WatersDepartment of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Timothy D Le CrasDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Funding

Pathogenesis and Treatment of Kaposiform LymphangiomatosisR01HL156866 · NHLBI · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI TIMOTHY DAVID LE CRAS · 2022 to 2026
$3.3M
Identification of resistance mechanisms to direct KRAS inhibition in pancreatic cancerK22CA276632 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI WATERS, ANDREW M · 2023 to 2025
$576k
Lymphatic Malformation InstituteNCI NIH HHS K22 CA276632NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL156866NIH HHS HL156866)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vascular anomalies (VAs) are a diverse group of vascular tumors and vascular malformations (VMs). VMs are characterized by abnormal vessel development, overgrowth, and dysfunction. Coagulopathy, edema, and effusions can cause severe morbidity and mortality in children and adults with these diseases. Germline or somatic mutations in the RAS/RAF/MAPK pathway have been identified in multiple types of VAs. RAS genes (KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS) are small GTPase proteins that play an important role in normal development and cell function. In healthy cells, RAS proteins cycle between GDP (inactive) and GTP (active) states that regulate important functions such as proliferation, migration, and survival. "Hot spot" mutations in codons 12, 13, or 61 of RAS genes are found in multiple tumor types and VAs. RAS mutations often cause excessive MAP kinase signaling, driving unchecked cell proliferation. In this review, we discuss the different RAS pathway mutations discovered in VAs and the role that these may play using insights from cell and animal models. Current therapies targeting RAS pathways are presented. In the future, a better understanding of the role of RAS pathway mutations may advance therapeutic strategies for people with VAs.

Indexed as

Mutationras ProteinsVascular MalformationsAnimalsHumansSignal Transductionras ProteinsERKHRASKRASMEKNRASRAS mutationsvascular anomaliesvascular malformations

Identifiers

PMID39984187
PMCPMC12916055

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.