Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39984163›Full record

ArticleRisk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis2025

Water outage predictions for natural hazards using synthetic water distribution systems.

Zaira Pagan-Cajigas, Seth Guikema, Rosalia Otaduy-Ramirez, Vanessa Woolley, Kaleb Smith, Tongxing Hu, Thomas Chen

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Water outage predictions for natural hazards using synthetic water distribution systems.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Zaira Pagan-CajigasIndustrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Seth GuikemaIndustrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Rosalia Otaduy-RamirezKnoxville Utilities Board, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Vanessa WoolleyAnchor QEA, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Kaleb SmithCivil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Tongxing HuStantec, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Thomas ChenXylem Inc., Columbia, Maryland, USA.

Funding

One Concern Inc.
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hazards can impact water systems, leading to water outages that result in economic, environmental, and societal losses. Modeling a system's behavior helps develop short-term restoration strategies and long-term resilience planning. However, data on the topology and operational characteristics of real water systems are often unavailable outside of the utility operating the system, limiting the ability of others depending on the system to understand its vulnerability and resilience. We address this limitation by developing an algorithm that generates a synthetic water distribution system using only publicly available data. Our approach provides hydraulic information at the building level to support infrastructure resilience assessments. We validated our model by comparing the network topologic and hydraulic properties with data from the real water system of Ann Arbor, Michigan. Our synthetic model results indicate that 95% of the simulated building-level pressures were within

Indexed as

outage estimationsynthetic water distribution systemswater outages prediction

Identifiers

PMID39984163
PMCPMC12411128

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.