Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39982499›Full record

ArticleLasers in medical science2025

Warm irrigation fluid effect on Thulium fiber laser (TFL) ablation of uroliths.

Andrei D Cumpanas, Nitesh Katta, Thao N Vu, Yi Xi Wu, Antonio R H Gorgen, Mariah C Hernandez, Kelvin Vo, Sohrab N Ali, Zachary E Tano, Pengbo Jiang and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Lasers in medical science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Andrei D CumpanasUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA. acumpana@hs.uci.edu.
Nitesh KattaBeckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, USA. nkatta@uci.edu.
Thao N VuUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Yi Xi WuUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Antonio R H GorgenUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Mariah C HernandezUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Kelvin VoUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Sohrab N AliUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Zachary E TanoUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Pengbo JiangUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Roshan M PatelUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Thomas MilnerBeckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic, Irvine, USA. milnert@uci.edu.
Jaime LandmanUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.
Ralph V ClaymanUniversity of California, Irvine, Irvine, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Prior laser studies have demonstrated that as the temperature of a medium increases, the amount of energy delivered to the target increases. We sought to investigate the role of irrigation fluid temperature on Thulium fiber laser (TFL) urolith ablation. 360 calculi were divided in vitro according to chemical composition: calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), cystine (CYS), struvite (STR), calcium phosphate (CAP), uric acid (UA), and calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD). A 200 μm TFL was placed directly on each stone, while immersed in 0.9% NaCl at four different temperatures (25 C, 37 C, 44 C, 60 C) and a single laser pulse administered at distinct energy settings (0.1 J, 0.5 J, 1.5 J). Optical coherence tomography assessed the resulting ablation cone volume. Mean stone volume and porosity were evaluated through ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc analysis. A multivariate generalized model for each composition accounted for the impact of fluid temperature and laser energy on stone ablation. Warmer fluid temperatures yielded greater ablation cone volumes for most energy settings, excluding UA stones. When accounting for chemical composition, higher tensile strength stones (COM, CYS) benefited most from warmer fluid in comparison to frangible stones (CAP, STR). The effects of increasing fluid temperature are modest relative to laser pulse energy as a large temperature increase (i.e. 7ºC) is equivalent to a minor energy increase (i.e. 0.1 J). For non-UA stones, TFL ablation efficiency increases with warmer irrigation fluid. The effect, albeit modest compared to laser pulse energy, was most notable for COM and CYS stones.

Indexed as

Lasers, Solid-StateLithotripsy, LaserTherapeutic IrrigationUrinary CalculiHumansThuliumThuliumIrrigation fluid temperatureLaser lithotripsyNephrolithiasisStone ablationStone compositionThulium laser

Identifiers

PMID39982499

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.