ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2025
Interim 2024/25 influenza vaccine effectiveness: eight European studies, September 2024 to January 2025.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization in children aged 6-72 months: a test-negative study in the Southern Italy, 2022-2026.Infection · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccine protection and contact patterns among outpatients with influenza-like illness during the 2024-2025 season in China: a test-negative case-control study.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Article
- Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations and Emergency Department or Urgent Care Encounters Among Children and Adults-VISION, United States, 2024-2025 Season.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines and Duration of Protection Against Hospitalisation During the 2024/25 Season in Northern Ireland, UK.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccines in Italy in the 2024/2025 Season: A Nationwide, Test-Negative Design Study Based on Surveillance Records.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Review
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-associated hospitalizations and emergency department or urgent care encounters among children and adults - United States, 2024-25 season.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-Associated Hospitalizations With SARI in Beijing, China, in the 2024-2025 Season.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness from nine studies during drifted A(H3N2) subclade K predominance, Europe, September 2025 to January 2026.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Article
- Brand-specific influenza vaccine effectiveness in three Nordic countries during the 2024-2025 season: a target trial emulation study based on registry data.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Monitoring effectiveness of nirsevimab immunization against RSV hospitalization using surveillance data: a test-negative case-control study, Spain, October 2024-March 2025.Epidemiology and infection · 2025Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness and genetic diversity: insights from end-of-season community surveillance, France, 2024-2025.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Replication in human cells supersedes serum antigenic match for the in vivo efficacy of an A/H1N1pdm09 LAIV virus.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Article
- Early influenza virus characterisation and vaccine effectiveness in England in autumn 2025, a period dominated by influenza A(H3N2) subclade K.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Interim Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza and Hospitalization, Republic of Korea, 2024-2025 (HIMM Network).Vaccines · 2025Article
- Interim Effectiveness Estimates of 2025 Southern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccines in Preventing Influenza-Associated Outpatient and Hospitalized Illness - Eight Southern Hemisphere Countries, March-September 2025.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2025Article
- [Recommendations on prevention and treatment of respiratory infections in institutionalised older people].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
23 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The 2024/25 influenza season in Europe is currently characterised by co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses, with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 predominating. Interim vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates from eight European studies (17 countries) indicate an all-age influenza A VE of 32-53% in primary care and 33-56% in hospital settings, with some signals of lower VE by subtype and higher VE against influenza B (≥ 58% across settings). Where feasible, influenza vaccination should be encouraged and other prevention measures strengthened.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.