Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39979406›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Predicting hepatocellular carcinoma survival with artificial intelligence.

İsmet Seven, Doğan Bayram, Hilal Arslan, Fahriye Tuğba Köş, Kübranur Gümüşlü, Selin Aktürk Esen, Mücella Şahin, Mehmet Ali Nahit Şendur, Doğan Uncu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

İsmet SevenAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey. sevenismet84@gmail.com.
Doğan BayramAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
Hilal ArslanComputer Engineering Department, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.
Fahriye Tuğba KöşAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
Kübranur GümüşlüComputer Engineering Department, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.
Selin Aktürk EsenAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
Mücella ŞahinDepartment of Internal Medicine, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
Mehmet Ali Nahit ŞendurAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.
Doğan UncuAnkara Bilkent City Hospital, Medical Oncology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite the extensive research on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exploring various treatment strategies, the survival outcomes have remained unsatisfactory. The aim of this research was to evaluate the ability of machine learning (ML) methods in predicting the survival probability of HCC patients. The study retrospectively analyzed cases of patients with stage 1-4 HCC. Demographic, clinical, pathological, and laboratory data served as input variables. The researchers employed various feature selection techniques to identify the key predictors of patient mortality. Additionally, the study utilized a range of machine learning methods to model patient survival rates. The study included 393 individuals with HCC. For early-stage patients (stages 1-2), the models reached recall values ​​of up to 91% for 6-month survival prediction. For advanced-stage patients (stage 4), the models achieved accuracy values ​​of up to 92% for 3-year overall survival prediction. To predict whether patients are ex or not, the accuracy was 87.5% when using all 28 features without feature selection with the best performance coming from the implementation of weighted KNN. Further improvements in accuracy, reaching 87.8%, were achieved by applying feature selection methods and using a medium Gaussian SVM. This study demonstrates that machine learning techniques can reliably predict survival probabilities for HCC patients across all disease stages. The research also shows that AI models can accurately identify a high proportion of surviving individuals when assessing various clinical and pathological factors.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceCarcinoma, HepatocellularLiver NeoplasmsAdultAgedFemaleHumansMachine LearningMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm StagingPrognosisRetrospective StudiesSurvival RateArtificial intelligenceHepatocellular carcinomaMachine learningSurvival prediction

Identifiers

PMID39979406
PMCPMC11842547

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.