ArticleNature nanotechnology2025
Grover's algorithm in a four-qubit silicon processor above the fault-tolerant threshold.
Article in Nature nanotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Single-gate, multipartite entanglement on a room-temperature quantum register.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Article
- From a single atom to manufacturable quantum processors in silicon.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Article
- Dipolar Coupling Errors in Nuclear Spin Qubits.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Multiparticle entanglement of nuclear spins in silicon.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Universal logical operations in a silicon quantum processor.Nature nanotechnology · 2026Article
- Demonstration of measurement-free universal logical quantum computation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Single-shot in situ readout of a spin qubit unit cell.Nature electronics · 2026Article
- Article
- An 11-qubit atom processor in silicon.Nature · 2025Article
- Robust and localised control of a 10-spin qubit array in germanium.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Gradient transformer Self-Attention U-Net for enhanced crack detection in concrete bridges.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Imaging the Acceptor Wave Function Anisotropy in Silicon.Nano letters · 2025Article
- High-Fidelity Operations on Silicon Donor Qubits Using Dynamical Decoupling Gates.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Combining multiplexed gate-based readout and isolated CMOS quantum dot arrays.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Grover's algorithm in a four-qubit silicon processor above the fault-tolerant threshold.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
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Abstract
Spin qubits in silicon are strong contenders for the realization of a practical quantum computer, having demonstrated single- and two-qubit gates with fidelities above the fault-tolerant threshold, and entanglement of three qubits. However, maintaining high-fidelity operations while increasing the qubit count remains challenging and therefore only two-qubit algorithms have been executed. Here we utilize a four-qubit silicon processor with all control fidelities above the fault-tolerant threshold and demonstrate a three-qubit Grover's search algorithm with a ~95% probability of finding the marked state. Our processor is made of three phosphorus atoms precision-patterned into isotopically pure silicon, which localise one electron. The long coherence times of the qubits enable single-qubit fidelities above 99.9% for all qubits. Moreover, the efficient single-pulse multi-qubit operations enabled by the electron-nuclear hyperfine interaction facilitate controlled-Z gates between all pairs of nuclear spins with fidelities above 99% when using the electron as an ancilla. These control fidelities, combined with high-fidelity non-demolition readout of all nuclear spins, allow the creation of a three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state with 96.2% fidelity. Looking ahead, coupling neighbouring nuclear spin registers, as the one shown here, via electron-electron exchange may enable larger, fault-tolerant quantum processors.
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