Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39979304›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Evaluation of basil essential oils for antifungal and anti-aflatoxigenic activity against Aspergillus flavus.

Maryam Ajmal, Aneela Nijabat, Iqra Sajjad, Syda Zahra Haider, Wendy Bedale, Jae-Hyuk Yu, Muhammad Anwer Shah, Celestin Ukozehasi, Maha Abdullah Alwaili, Amr Elkelish

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Activities ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Maryam AjmalDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
Aneela NijabatDepartment of Botany, University of Mianwali, Mianwali, 42200, Pakistan. aneelanijabat@umw.edu.pk.
Iqra SajjadDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
Syda Zahra HaiderDepartment of Botany, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, 44000, Pakistan.
Wendy BedaleFood Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
Jae-Hyuk YuFood Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
Muhammad Anwer ShahDepartment of Botany, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, 44000, Pakistan.
Celestin UkozehasiDepartment of Crop Science, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, 6605, Rwanda. c.ukozehasi@ur.ac.rw.
Maha Abdullah AlwailiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O.Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Amr ElkelishDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, 11623, Saudi Arabia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Essential oils of basil herbs such as nyazbo or sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum), holy basil or tulsi (O. tenuiflorum), and African or clove basil (O. gratissimum) have traditionally been used for their therapeutic potential. These medicinal herbs are being cultivated and consumed globally, and the increasing demand for antimicrobial and antifungal natural products has led to the assessment of the potential of essential oils of medicinal plants to inhibit mycelial growth rather than synthetic fungicides. Thus, the present study explored natural alternatives to inhibit mycelial growth (Aspergilus flavus) and aflatoxin production. Linalool (25.40%), methyl chavicol (37.63%), and eugenol (39.52%) were identified as chief compounds in the EOs of O. basilicum, O. tenuiflorum, and O. gratissimum respectively. Ocimum tenuiflorum EO demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity at 0.75 µL mL

Indexed as

AflatoxinsAntifungal AgentsAspergillus flavusOcimum basilicumOils, VolatilePlant OilsAcyclic MonoterpenesAflatoxin B1EugenolMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAcyclic MonoterpenesAflatoxin B1AflatoxinsAntifungal AgentsEugenollinaloolOils, VolatilePlant OilsAflatoxinsAspergillus FlavusEssential oilGS/MSOcimum herbs

Identifiers

PMID39979304
PMCPMC11842856

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.