SynthesisDiabetes care2025
Comparative Efficacy of Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists for Cardiovascular Outcomes in Asian Versus White Populations: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials of Populations With or Without Type 2 Diabetes and/or Overweight or Obesity.
Synthesis in Diabetes care, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and cardiovascular outcomes in Asian, Black or African American, and White populations: An updated meta-analysis including the SOUL trial.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Sex differences in trial representation and the cardiovascular effectiveness of newer glucose-lowering agents in patients with and without type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists Improve MASH and Liver Fibrosis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Pooled it
- GLP-1, GIP, and Glucagon Excursions During a Mixed Meal Tolerance Test in Young and Lean South Asians Versus Europids.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Trial
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist-based regimens compared with metformin-based regimens for preventing cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Integrated Evidence from VigiBase and Clinical Trials: A Comprehensive Pharmacovigilance Analysis of Seven Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs).Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2026Article
- Interplay between obesity-associated insulin resistance and immune system through the lens of evolutionary medicine.Molecular metabolism · 2026Review
- Association between cardiometabolic index change patterns and incident cardiovascular disease in middle-aged and older adults.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Risk management of cardiovascular disease in older patients with diabetes.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Review
- Management of HFpEF in Asian Patients: Evidence from Major Trials on HFpEF Therapeutics.JACC. Asia · 2025Article
- 2025 Brazilian Evidence-based Guideline on the Management of Obesity and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Obesity-Associated Complications: A Position Statement by Five Medical Societies.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2025Article
- 2025 Brazilian evidence-based guideline on the management of obesity and prevention of cardiovascular disease and obesity-associated complications: a position statement by five medical societies.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Review
- Stratifying cardiovascular benefits from GLP-1RA: a multisource analysis of patient-level CVOT and real-world data using AI-driven methods.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Article
- Suboptimal physician adherence to evidence-based guidelines for managing cardiorenal comorbidities in diabetes care: A retrospective single-center study in Taiwan.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCardiovascular outcome trials (CVOTs) suggest glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) provide greater cardiovascular (CV) benefits in Asian compared with White individuals. PURPOSE: Compare CV efficacy of GLP-1RAs between Asian and White individuals. DATA SOURCES: Systematic review of PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov (1 January 2015 to 1 November 2024). STUDY SELECTION: Randomized placebo-controlled CVOTs of GLP-1RAs. Risk of bias was assessed (RoB 2). DATA EXTRACTION: Ethnicity-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). DATA SYNTHESIS: Random-effects meta-analyses per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines included eight trials (5,909 Asian individuals, 55,855 White individuals). GLP-1RA-associated MACE HR was 0.69 (95% CI 0.58, 0.83) in Asian people and 0.85 (95% CI 0.79, 0.91) in White people (Pinteraction = 0.045). Absolute MACE risk reduction was 2.9% (95% CI 1.5, 4.2) in Asian people versus 1.4% (0.9, 1.9) in White people. LIMITATIONS: Lack of individual patient-level data precluded detailed subclassification of the Asian group.
conclusionsGLP-1RAs may offer greater MACE reductions in Asian compared with White individuals.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.