ArticleStatistics in medicine2025
Identification and Estimation of the Average Causal Effects Under Dietary Substitution Strategies.
Article in Statistics in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Best (but oft forgotten) practices: Applying the target trial framework in nutrition research.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Article
- What Are We Estimating? Revisiting Standard Nutritional Models Through the Target Trial Framework.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- A Simple Diagnostic for the Positivity Assumption for Continuous Exposures.Statistics in medicine · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines suggest that most people can improve their diet by making some changes to what they eat and drink. In many cases, these changes involve simple substitutions. For instance, the Dietary Guidelines recommend choosing chicken instead of processed red meat to reduce sodium intake and switching from refined grains to whole grains to increase dietary fiber intake. The question about such dietary substitution strategies seeks to estimate the average counterfactual outcome under a hypothetical intervention that replaces a food an individual would have consumed in the absence of intervention with a healthier substitute. In this work, we will show the conditions under which the average causal effects of substitution strategies can be non-parametrically identified, and provide efficient estimators for our proposed dietary substitution strategies. We evaluate the performance of our proposed methods via simulation studies and apply them to estimate the effect of substituting processed red meat with chicken on mortality, using data from the Nurses' Health Study.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.