Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39975631›Full record

ArticleNanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)2025

Curved geometric-phase optical element fabrication using top-down alignment.

Gayeon Park, Minseok Kim, Kanghee Won, Seok Ho Song

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Gayeon ParkDepartment of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6745-8697
Minseok KimDepartment of Future Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0227-0025
Kanghee WonDepartment of Future Information Display, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1527-3100
Seok Ho SongDepartment of Physics, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1777-6169

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advanced optical technologies, such as next-generation displays and holographic systems, demand high efficiency, lightweight designs, compact dimensions, and compatibility with curved and thin substrates. However, current optical devices for virtual and augmented reality displays, such as surface relief and holographic gratings, face challenges like light scattering, low optical efficiency, and limited scalability. Here, we present a geometric phase optical element (GPOE) fabricated using geometric-phase modulation. A pixelated nano grating system was employed, and reactive mesogens were aligned and transferred via a top-down imprinting process. The resulting GPOE exhibits a thin profile, compatibility with curved surfaces, and scalability for mass production. Integrating additional optical components, we realized a multi-focal GPOE and validated its optical performance. This innovation highlights the potential of GPOEs as compact, next-generation optical components for advanced curved-surface systems.

Indexed as

curvedgeometric phase optical elementtop-down alignment

Identifiers

PMID39975631
PMCPMC11834054

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.