ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025
Treatment outcomes of bedaquiline-resistant tuberculosis: a retrospective and matched cohort study.
Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Rising prevalence of bedaquiline resistance undermines benefits from this life-saving drug for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB). Despite increasing awareness, patient-level outcomes for bedaquiline-resistant TB have not been well-characterised and case management poorly defined. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with matched controls at a TB referral hospital in South Africa. Cases included patients ≥13 years with a phenotypic bedaquiline-resistant Findings: Eighty-two patients with bedaquiline-resistant TB were included; 57 (70%) were HIV-positive and 17 (21%) had no prior exposure to bedaquiline or clofazimine. Bedaquiline was prescribed for 72 (88%) and meropenem (plus amoxicillin-clavulanate) for 32 (39%) after submission of the sputum sample with the first bedaquiline-resistant Interpretation: Current treatment options for bedaquiline-resistant TB result in prolonged therapy, delayed microbiological responses, and poor clinical outcomes. Funding: This work was partially supported by the South African Medical Research Council (grant number MRC-RFA-SHIP 02-2018). JK was funded by Swedish Heart & Lung Foundation (20220859 and 20240774) Swedish Society of Medicine (SLS-985976). SW was supported by the National Institutes of Health (U01AI170426) and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. GM was supported by the Wellcome Trust (214321/Z/18/Z, and 203135/Z/16/Z), and the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa (Grant No 64787).
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