ArticleJAC-antimicrobial resistance2025
Assessing the impact of using a patient counselling prompt-the TARGET antibiotic checklist in England's community pharmacies.
Article in JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Antimicrobial stewardship in community pharmacy: a full review of online educational resources.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Patient conversations that matter: assessing the role of TARGET TYI leaflets for respiratory care in England's community pharmacies.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Iraqi Parents Regarding Antibiotic Use in Children and the Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: An estimated 1.27 million deaths globally were caused by antibiotic-resistant infections in 2019. Outcome 2 of the UK national action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance is improved public engagement and education with a specific and measurable target. Objectives: To evaluate and compare 2 years of the use of the TARGET antibiotic checklist in England's community pharmacies via the Pharmacy Quality Scheme (PQS). Methods: The use of the TARGET antibiotic checklist was incentivized in the PQS for 2021-22 and 2023-24 for patients presenting with antibiotic prescription in community pharmacy during a 4 week period each year. Results: A total of 406 333 patients were counselled using the TARGET antibiotic checklist, with 10 081 community pharmacies participating in either year and 6209 community pharmacies participating in both years. The most common indications for both years were chest and urinary tract infections with amoxicillin and nitrofurantoin, respectively, being the most frequently prescribed antibiotics for both PQS years examined. A total of 27 898 influenza vaccinations were delivered by community pharmacies prompted by discussions whilst using the antibiotic checklist. In addition, 140 473 patient information leaflets were provided to patients to improve knowledge about their condition and treatment and to support future self-care. Discussion: The investment in training and resources for community pharmacies through the PQS has provided opportunities for strengthening antimicrobial stewardship by equipping them with the tools to improve patient knowledge of antibiotic use, symptom resolution and antimicrobial resistance using the TARGET antibiotic checklist, as well as other resources from the TARGET Antibiotics Toolkit.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.