Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39973140›Full record

ArticleCancer research and treatment2026

Molecular Mosaics: Unveiling Heterogeneity in Synchronous Colorectal Cancers.

Hyun Gu Lee, Yeseul Kim, Mi-Ju Kim, Yeon Wook Kim, Sun-Young Jun, Deokhoon Kim, In Ja Park, Seung-Mo Hong

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Article in Cancer research and treatment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

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0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hyun Gu LeeDivision of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Yeseul KimDepartment of Pathology, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Mi-Ju KimAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Yeon Wook KimAsan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
Sun-Young JunDepartment of Pathology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Deokhoon KimDepartment of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
In Ja ParkDivision of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Seung-Mo HongDepartment of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Funding

Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center 2022IF0028-1Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center 2024IP0080-1Ministry of Science and ICTNational Research Foundation of Korea 2021R1A2C1003898
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeMolecular characteristics of synchronous colorectal cancers (SCRCs) remain incompletely elucidated, despite their importance in targeted therapy selection. We compared the molecular characteristics and somatic mutations between SCRCs. MATERIALS AND

methodsThis retrospective study (2012-2014) included 98 consecutive patients with surgically resected SCRCs. Molecular characteristics, including microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), were analyzed for all cancer lesions. The intertumoral heterogeneity of SCRCs was evaluated using whole-exome sequencing (WES) for 18 cancers from nine patients with at least one MSI-high (MSI-H) tumor.

resultsTwelve patients had at least one MSI-H tumor; five showed discordant MSI status. Mucinous adenocarcinoma frequency and TIL density were higher in patients with at least one MSI-H tumor than in those with only microsatellite-stable tumors. WES revealed that, except one patient (6.5%), most synchronous cancers shared few variants in each patient (0.09%-0.36%). The concordance rates for BRAF, KRAS, NRAS, and PIK3CA, in synchronous cancers from each patient were 66.7%, 66.7%, 66.7%, and 55.6%, respectively.

conclusionAlthough synchronous cancers shared a mutated gene, the mutation subtypes differed. SCRCs exhibited 5.1% MSI status discordance rate and a high discordance rate in somatic mutational variants. As intertumoral heterogeneity may affect the targeted therapy response, molecular analysis of all tumors is recommended for patients with SCRCs.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsGenetic HeterogeneityNeoplasms, Multiple PrimaryAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkers, TumorClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesExome SequencingFemaleHumansLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMaleMicrosatellite InstabilityMiddle AgedMutationBiomarkers, TumorClass I Phosphatidylinositol 3-KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins B-rafProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Colorectal neoplasmsExome sequencingMicrosatellite instabilitySynchronousTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Identifiers

PMID39973140
PMCPMC12800958

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.