ArticleActa neuropathologica communications2025
Density and entropy of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment of primary tumors and matched brain metastases.
Article in Acta neuropathologica communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Treg-cell death axis in lung cancer: implications for immune evasion and novel therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Advancements in research regarding the influence of the tumor microenvironment on the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Unraveling the alterations and biomarkers in the tumor microenvironment in lung adenocarcinoma metastases and their indications for therapeutic response and prognosis.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2025Review
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have increasingly been reported to impact the brain metastatic process of solid tumors. However, data on intra-individual differences between primary tumor and brain metastasis (BM), as well as their correlation with clinical outcome parameters, is scarce.
methodsWe retrospectively identified patients who received resection of the primary tumor and BM between 01/1990 and 10/2022. Density quantification of TAMs (CD68
resultsIn total, 104 patients (46.2% female; median age 57.3 years at BM diagnosis) were included: 78/104 (75%) non-small cell lung cancer, 18/104 (17%) breast cancer, 8/104 (8%) renal cell carcinomas. Densities of CD3 DISCUSSION: By utilizing a unique cohort of matched primary tumor and BM tissue samples, we could demonstrate higher TIL densities in primary tumors and higher TAM densities in BM, respectively. Higher cell densities of CD3
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