Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39972123›Full record

ArticleNature2025

An opponent striatal circuit for distributional reinforcement learning.

Adam S Lowet, Qiao Zheng, Melissa Meng, Sara Matias, Jan Drugowitsch, Naoshige Uchida

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Mesocorticostriatal Reinforcement Learning of State Representation and Value with Implications for the Mechanisms of Schizophrenia.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  5. Habenula-ventral tegmental area functional coupling and risk aversion in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Ventral striatal astrocytes contribute to reinforcement learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  8. A hardwired neural circuit for temporal difference learning.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Striatal Gradient in Value-Decay Explains Regional Differences in Dopamine Patterns and Reinforcement Learning Computations.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Adam S LowetCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Qiao ZhengCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Melissa MengCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0009-0002-8029-2316
Sara MatiasCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7432-6754
Jan DrugowitschCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. jan_drugowitsch@hms.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7846-0408
Naoshige UchidaCenter for Brain Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. uchida@mcb.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-5755-9409

Funding

Distributional Reinforcement Learning in the BrainR01NS116753 · NINDS · HARVARD UNIVERSITY · PI DRUGOWITSCH, JAN, UCHIDA, NAOSHIGE · 2020 to 2024
$2.9M
Distributional Value Coding and Reinforcement Learning in the BrainF31NS124095 · NINDS · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI LOWET, ADAM STANLEY · 2021 to 2023
$110k
NINDS NIH HHS F31 NS124095NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS116753
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Machine learning research has achieved large performance gains on a wide range of tasks by expanding the learning target from mean rewards to entire probability distributions of rewards-an approach known as distributional reinforcement learning (RL)

Indexed as

Corpus StriatumReinforcement, PsychologyAnimalsConditioning, ClassicalDopamineFemaleMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLModels, NeurologicalNeural PathwaysNeuronsOptogeneticsReceptors, Dopamine D1Receptors, Dopamine D2RewardDopamineReceptors, Dopamine D1Receptors, Dopamine D2

Identifiers

PMID39972123
PMCPMC12007193

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.