ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2025
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breast Inflammation and Its Association with Lymphedema Risk After Axillary Lymph Node Dissection.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChronic inflammatory responses initiated by lymphatic injury play a key role in the pathophysiology of secondary lymphedema; however, it is unknown if these responses vary by race/ethnicity. We assessed whether baseline differences in inflammation, characterized by crown-like structures of the breast (CLS-B), contributed to lymphedema risk in a diverse cohort of patients treated with axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).
methodsBetween 11/2016-03/2020, patients undergoing ALND were enrolled in a prospective lymphedema screening study. Race/ethnicity were self-reported. BMI and volumetric arm measurements were performed at baseline and biannually. Breast tissue was assessed for CLS-B utilizing a CD-68 IHC stain in non-tumor tissue. Lymphedema incidence was assessed using competing-risk analysis and compared between patients with and without CLS-B.
resultsOf 281 patients included, 11% self-identified as Asian, 20% Black, 8% Hispanic, 58% White, and 3% unknown. Median BMI was 26.3kg/m
conclusionThe higher CLS-B prevalence observed in Black women suggests an increased propensity for inflammation, although its role in lymphedema development remains uncertain.
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