ArticleJournal of public health in Africa2025
Is differential cleaning needed for SARS-CoV-2 beyond standard procedures? A systematic review.
Article in Journal of public health in Africa, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: There is a substantial risk of indirect transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from contaminated surfaces and objects in healthcare settings. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced cleaning protocols for high-touch surfaces during COVID-19, focusing on cleaning products, concentrations, contact time, and recommended frequency. Setting: We focused on research conducted in healthcare settings or where samples were obtained from healthcare environments. Method: We assessed studies that compared different cleaning, disinfection, sterilisation, or decontamination procedures and cleaning frequency with standard or routine procedures. We prioritised randomised trials, non-randomised controlled trials, controlled before-and-after studies, and interrupted time series analyses carried out between 01 January 2020 and 31 August 2022. Results: Three studies met our criteria from 2139 references searched. These studies, which took place in Iran, China and the United States, found that routine terminal cleaning and enhanced terminal cleaning with different cleaning enhancements significantly reduced SARS-CoV-2 surface contamination. One of the studies tested residual SARS-CoV-2 levels after routine and terminal cleaning with varying strengths of disinfectant and evaluated the efficacy of two common types of disinfectants in inactivating SARS-CoV-2 on inanimate surfaces in different hospital wards. Conclusion: Limited evidence supports cleaning strategies that can reduce the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from surfaces in healthcare settings. Combining various cleaning methods and using multiple disinfectants can effectively reduce surface contamination. Contribution: Randomised controlled trials are crucial for evaluating cleaning effectiveness. They must outline cleaning protocols, detailing frequency, product concentration and volume, application methods, soil and surface types, and environmental conditions, to provide strong evidence.
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