ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2025
Predictors of overdose response hotline use for mental health and fatal overdose prevention.
Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Responding to the toxic drug crisis: Promising innovations, gaps, and calls to action.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe overdose crisis remains one of the largest public health issues facing North America to date. Formalized virtual spotting services have gained popularity as a harm reduction intervention, proving early effectiveness in reducing overdose mortality. This study determined the characteristics of individuals who recurrently use one such service, Canada's National Overdose Response Service (NORS).
methodsIn this retrospective study, call logs from NORS were analyzed from service inception. Demographics including age, gender, province, community size, substance used, routes of administration, and adverse events were all collected and imputed into a marginal means and rates model to determine the predictors of recurrent service use.
resultsA total of 7340 unique calls were included within our analysis. Of those, 1167 (15.8%) reported their gender as male, 3744 (51.0%) as female, and 1329 (18.1%) as gender diverse, and 1100 (14.9%) did not report their gender. In terms of age, 46 (0.6%) were individuals under the age of 18 years, 3561 (48.5%) were between 18 and 30, 557 (7.6%) were between 31 and 40, 2505 (34.1%) were between 41 and 50, 525 (7.1%) were age 51 or over, and 146 (2.0%) did not report their age. Men's rate ratios for recurrent calls were significantly lower than women's (RR = 0.08, 95% CI = 0.07‒0.09), as were those for respondents aged 31‒40 years as compared with those aged 18‒30 (RR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.15‒0.45). Between regions, rate ratios for callers from British Columbia (RR = 0.28, 95% CI = 0.17‒2.24) and Atlantic provinces (RR = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.07‒0.12) were significantly lower than those for callers from the province of Ontario. Similarly, rural callers demonstrated lower recurrent service use (RR = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.07‒0.11) than their urban counterparts.
conclusionNORS demonstrates higher usage patterns within certain demographic groups, in particular, urban women. The results can therefore be used to target public health messaging toward those who derive the most benefit from the service and to tailor programming to those who are at highest risk to use alone.
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