ArticleClinical oral investigations2025
Effect of polishing systems on the roughness, color, and staining of conventional and bulk-fill resin composites with and without S-PRG filler.
Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effect of water storage on the color stability and surface roughness of resin composites with S-PRG fillers subjected to additional polymerization for semidirect use.Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2026Review
- Are flowable composite resins containing bioactive particles truly biocompatible?Journal of clinical and experimental dentistry · 2026Review
- The effects of mechanical and chemical degradation on the surface roughness, gloss, and color stability of bulk-fill resin composites.BMC oral health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the effect of polishing systems on the color and roughness of conventional and bulk-fill nanofilled resins, compared to conventional and bulk-fill nano-hybrid resins with S-PRG fillers. MATERIALS AND
methodsDiscs (n = 12) were fabricated from the following resin composites: conventional nanofilled resin (Filtek Z350 XT, 3 M), bulk-fill nanofilled resin (Filtek One Bulk-Fill, 3 M), conventional nano-hybrid resin with S-PRG fillers (Beautifil II LS, Shofu), and bulk-fill nano-hybrid resin with S-PRG filler (Beautifil Bulk Restorative, Shofu). Polishing was conducted using multi-grit aluminum oxide abrasive discs (Sof-Lex Pop On, 3 M) or a single-grit aluminum oxide tip (OneGloss, Shofu). Roughness (Ra) and color (CIEL*a*b*, ΔE
resultsRoughness increased after polishing with the aluminum oxide tip for all materials (p < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney). Bulk-fill nanofilled resin showed increased roughness, while conventional nano-hybrid resin with S-PRG filler showed decreased roughness after multi-grit disc polishing (p < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney). Coffee staining significantly increased the roughness in resin composites with S-PRG filler (p < 0.0001; Mann-Whitney). All resin composites exhibited reduced L* and b* (p < 0.05; generalized linear mixed models for repeated measures) and increased a* (p < 0.05; Friedman and Nemenyi) values after coffee staining. ΔE
conclusionPolishing systems significantly influence resin composite roughness based on their composition, with single-grit polishing causing the highest roughness. Bulk-fill nano-hybrid resin composite with S-PRG filler exhibited the greatest color and roughness changes post-staining. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Bulk-fill resin composite with S-PRG filler demonstrated lower color and surface stability. Importantly, these changes were significantly mitigated when polished using a multi-stage polishing system.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.