GuidelineJACC. Advances2025
The First International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) Standard Dataset for Reporting Outcomes in Heart Valve Disease: Moving From Device- to Patient-Centered Outcomes: Developed by a multisociety taskforce coordinated by the Heart Valve Society (HVS) including the American Heart Association (AHA), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Society of Cardiology (ESC), The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS), the Australian & New Zealand Society of Cardiac & Thoracic Surgeons (ANZSCTS), the International Society for Applied Cardiovascular Biology (ISACB), the International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery (ISMICS), the South African Heart Association (SHA), Heart Valve Voice, and Global Heart Hub.
Registry-linked trialAbstract readPractice Guideline
In one paragraph
Guideline in JACC. Advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07267117 (Cohort Observing Mechanisms, Progression and Sequelae of Valvular Heart Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cohort Observing Mechanisms, Progression and Sequelae of Valvular Heart Disease (VALVE-COMPASS)
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Consistency of primary outcomes in evidence synthesis researches on drug-eluting stents for coronary artery disease.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
36 authors.
Emmanuel LansacHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Kevin M VeenHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Andria JosephHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Paula Blancarte JaberHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Frieda SossiHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Zofia Das-GuptaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Suleman AktaaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
J Rafael SádabaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Vinod H ThouraniHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Gry DahleHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Wilson Y SzetoHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Faisal BakaeenHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Elena AikawaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Frederick J SchoenHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Evaldas GirdauskasHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Aubrey AlmeidaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Andreas ZuckermannHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Bart MeurisHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
John StottHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Jolanda KluinHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Ruchika MeelHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Wil WoanHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Daniel ColganHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Hani JneidHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Husam BalkhyHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Molly SzerlipHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Ourania PreventzaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Pinak ShahHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Vera H RigolinHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Silvana MedicaHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Philip HolmesHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Marta SitgesHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Philippe PibarotHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Erwan DonalHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Rebecca T HahnHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Johanna J M TakkenbergHôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement, London, UK; Department of Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, UK; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Navarra University Hospital, Pamplona, Spain; Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital, Norway; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Main Campus, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Augsburg University Hospital, Germany; Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, Belgium; Heart Valve Voice Canada, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa; Heart Valve Voice, Manchester, UK; University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX; Biological Sciences Division, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital Plano, Plano, Texas, USA; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA; Heart and Vascular Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Hospital Clínic Cardiovascular Institute, Barcelona, Spain; Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec City, Québec, Canada; Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Rennes, France; Department of Cardiology, Columbia Structural Heart & Valve Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGlobally significant variation in treatment and course of heart valve disease (HVD) exists, and outcome measurement is procedure focused instead of patient focused. This article describes the development of a patient-related (International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement) standard set of outcomes and case mix to be measured in patients with HVD.
methodsA multisociety working group was formed that included patient representatives and representatives from scientific cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery societies that publish current guidelines for HVD. The standard set was developed to monitor the patient's journey from diagnosis to treatment with either a surgical or transcatheter procedure. Candidate clinical and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) and case mix were identified through benchmark analyses and systematic reviews. Using an online modified Delphi process, the working group voted on final outcomes/case mix and corresponding definition.
resultsPatients with aortic/mitral/tricuspid valve disease or root/ascending aorta >40 mm were included in the standard set. Patients entered the dataset when the diagnosis of HVD was established, allowing outcome measurement in the preprocedural, periprocedural, and postprocedural phases of patients' lives. The working group defined 5 outcome domains: vital status, patient-reported outcomes, progression of disease, cardiac function and durability, and complications of treatment. Subsequently, 16 outcome measures, including 2 patient-reported outcomes, were selected to be tracked in patients with HVD. Case-mix variables included demographic factors, demographic variables, echocardiographic variables, heart catheterization variables, and specific details on aortic/mitral/tricuspid valves and their specific interventions.
conclusionsThrough a unique collaborative effort between patients and cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery societies, a standard set of measures for HVD was developed. This dataset focuses on outcome measurement regardless of treatment, moving from procedure- to patient-centered outcomes. Implementation of this dataset will facilitate global standardization of outcome measurement, allow meaningful comparison between health care systems and evaluation of clinical practice guidelines, and eventually improve patient care for those experiencing HVD worldwide.
Indexed as
AHA Scientific Statementsaortic valveheart valve diseasesmitral valveoutcome and process assessment, health carepatient outcome assessmentpatient reported outcome measurestricuspid valve
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NCT07267117ClinicalTrials.gov
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