ArticleJournal of advanced research2025
Autoimmune responses to myelin-associated proteins as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: Associations with human herpesvirus-6 and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation.
Article in Journal of advanced research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Molecular Mimicry Between Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Herpesvirus-6 Proteins and Central Nervous System Proteins: Implications for T and B Cell Immunogenicity in an In Silico Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- A telomere-lipid-immunity axis linking viral integration to autoimmune disease risk.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Behind the mask of relapsing bimodal encephalitis: herpesvirus 7 and Epstein-Barr virus associated with Hashimoto's encephalopathy: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Epstein-Barr virus-associated multiple sclerosis: recent mechanistic advances and clinical therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Brain Myelin Covariance Networks: Gradients, Cognition, and Higher-Order Landscape.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Molecular Mimicry: An Immunoinformatic Screen for Cross-Reactive Autoantigen Candidates.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundThe pathogenesis of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) is linked to autoimmune attacks against myelin proteins, and reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6). However, the connection between viral reactivation and autoimmune biomarkers has remained unclear.
objectivesTo investigate immunoglobulin (Ig)G/IgA/IgM responses targeting myelin-related proteins in association with EBV and HHV-6 replication markers in RRMS.
methodsWe recruited 55 patients with RRMS and 63 healthy controls and assessed IgG/IgA/IgM responses against seven myelin-related components, as well as EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) and deoxyuridine-triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPases). Disability was evaluated using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and disease progression using the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (MSSS).
resultsIgG/IgA/IgM levels targeting seven myelin-related proteins were significantly higher in RRMS than in controls. IgG against myelin basic protein (MBP) (IgG-MBP), IgM-myelin-associated glycoprotein (IgM-MAG)-37-60, IgA-MBP, and IgA-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (IgA-MOG-31-55) distinguished RRMS from controls with a predictive accuracy of 96.6 % (sensitivity = 95.7 %, specificity = 95.2 %) and an area under the ROC curve of 0.991. A large part of the variance in the EDSS (around 75 %) and MSSS score (62.8 %) was explained by IgG-MBP, IgM-MBP, IgA-MOG-31-55, and IgM-MAG. Part of the variance (47.4 %) in the IgG/IgA/IgM responses to myelin-related proteins was explained by immune responses to EBNA and dUTPases of EBV and HHV-6.
conclusionsAutoimmune reactivities targeting myelin-related proteins are valuable biomarkers of RRMS and the severity and progression of RRMS. Reactivation of EBV and HHV-6 may trigger or maintain these autoimmune responses thereby impacting disease progression.
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