ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2025
The Effectiveness and Safety of Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid (BPaL)-Based Regimens for Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in Non-Trial Settings-A Prospective Cohort Study in Belarus and Uzbekistan.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Adverse events in bedaquiline- and pretomanid-based regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis from trial, implementation and pharmacovigilance studies.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of treatment regimens for drug-resistant tuberculosis in different regions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Characteristics, Treatment Strategies, and Long-term Health Outcomes of People With Bedaquiline-resistant Tuberculosis in Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan-A Retrospective Cohort Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Treatment outcomes and long-term relapse-free survival after multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in Latvia: a retrospective national cohort study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2026Article
- Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, and Moxifloxacin: Mechanisms of Action, Drug Interactions, Adverse Effects and Use in Special Situations.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Effectiveness and safety of bedaquiline, pretomanid, linezolid and moxifloxacin in drug-resistant tuberculosis patients in selected public hospitals in Ethiopia: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Evaluating treatment outcomes stratified by regimen among drug-resistant TB patients in Sierra Leone.Public health action · 2026Article
- Fluoroquinolones as the linchpin of tuberculosis therapy: contrasting efficacy and resistance profiles inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Cost-effectiveness of BPaL-based and 9-month modified all-oral short treatment regimens for rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Belarus.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- All-Oral Shorter Treatment Regimens for Multidrug- and Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis: Evaluating Their Effectiveness, Safety, and Impact on the Quality of Life of Patients in Lao PDR.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of the Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, and Linezolid Regimen, With or Without Moxifloxacin, for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Ukraine Under Programmatic Conditions.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Urgent request for pretomanid label expansion to align with WHO guidelines and improve treatment accessibility and efficacy.IJTLD open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOnly 63% of patients initiating multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) treatment in 2020 were treated successfully. 24-Week all-oral bedaquiline, pretomanid, and linezolid (BPaL)-based regimens have demonstrated higher rates of treatment success and have been recommended by the World Health Organization. Operational research is urgently required to evaluate these regimens in non-trial settings.
methodsThis was a prospective cohort study of patients with microbiologically confirmed MDR/RR-TB and pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) initiated on BPaL-based regimens in Belarus and Uzbekistan (February 2022-June 2023). All clinical care and research procedures were delivered by treating physicians. After treatment completion, patients were followed up at 6 and 12 months, including collecting sputum to ascertain recurrence. The primary objective was to estimate the effectiveness (cured or treatment completed) and safety (the occurrence of serious adverse events) of BPaL-based regimens.
resultsA total of 677 patients initiated treatment with BPaL-based regimens during the study. We documented successful treatment outcomes in 95.3% (427/448) of patients with MDR/RR-TB treated with BPaL plus moxifloxacin and 90.4% (207/229) of patients with pre-XDR-TB treated with BPaL plus clofazimine. 10.2% (69/677) experienced serious adverse events including 24 deaths (3.5%), 11 of which occurred during treatment. 83.3% (20/24) of deaths were not related to TB or TB treatment. Of patients who were successfully treated and completed 12-month follow-up, 0.5% (2/383) had recurrence.
conclusionsBPaL-based regimens for MDR/RR-TB and pre-XDR-TB are safe and highly effective in non-trial settings. These regimens should be considered for widespread implementation globally, and further research is needed to evaluate their performance in other key populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.