ArticleZoo biology
Noninvasive Assessment of Stress and Reproduction in Captive Lions (Panthera leo) Using Fecal Hormone Analysis.
Article in Zoo biology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Development of a Methodology for Measuring Oxytocin in Feces: Insights from a Preliminary Study in Captive Lions (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Assessing steroid hormones through feces provides invaluable insight on the stress and reproductive physiology of wildlife, and has been broadly applied to monitor the health and welfare of wild animals managed under human care. This study utilized fecal hormone monitoring to evaluate adrenal and gonadal activity in 18 captive lions (Panthera leo) across five Spanish zoological institutions, focusing on how biological and management factors affect these metrics. We analyzed fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM) concentrations and, additionally in females, fecal progesterone (FPM), estradiol (FEM), and androgen (FAM) metabolites in relation to their reproductive status. Results indicated significant variability in FGM levels among individuals, with no consistent trends influenced by sex or zoo environment, including changes in the frequency of providing environmental enrichment at two zoos. Importantly, reproductive status significantly impacted adrenal and gonadal hormone levels; ovariectomized lionesses showed lower concentrations of FGM, FPM, and FEM compared to intact and deslorelin-implanted females, the latter of which exhibited higher and more variable FAM levels. These findings advance our understanding of hormone patterns in lions and suggest implications for their management in captivity.
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Registered trials
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