Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39963694›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2025

Shigellosis in an Urban Slum in Kenya: Risk Factors and Antimicrobial Resistance.

Beatrice Atieno Ongadi, Asma Binte Aziz, Cecilia Kathure Mbae, Moses Mwangi, Kelvin Kering, Ashraful Islam Khan, Dilruba Nasrin, Benjamin Ngugi, Martin Mwebia Bundi, Se Eun Park and 17 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Beatrice Atieno OngadiKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6687-6927
Asma Binte AzizInternational Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Cecilia Kathure MbaeKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Moses MwangiKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kelvin KeringKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Ashraful Islam KhanInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Dilruba NasrinDepartment of Medicine, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Benjamin NgugiKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Martin Mwebia BundiKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.
Se Eun ParkInternational Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1632-3045
Md Taufiqul IslamInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1584-484X
Natasha Y RickettInternational Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Faisal AhmmedInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Fahima ChowdhuryInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Farhana KhanamInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4158-5995
Md Golam FirojInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Justin ImResearch Investment for Global Health Technology (RIGHT) Foundation, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Kassa HaileArmauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sadia Isfat AraInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Meseret Gebre BehuteArmauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Suneth AgampodiInternational Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Afroza AkterInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Suman KanungoICMR-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
K ZamanInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Firdausi QadriInternational Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
John D ClemensInternational Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Samuel KariukiKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya.

Funding

Mechanisms of the Development and Maintenance of Salmonella Gallbladder CarriageR01AI116917 · NIAID · RESEARCH INST NATIONWIDE CHILDREN'S HOSP · PI GUNN, JOHN S, MELANDER, CHRISTIAN COREY · 2015 to 2025
$6.1M
Integrating geographical and genetic mapping of salmonella disease in an endemicR01AI099525 · NIAID · KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE (KEMRI) · PI GUNN, JOHN S, KARIUKI, SAMUEL M · 2013 to 2024
$1.3M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI099525NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116917
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Methods: We investigated antimicrobial resistance, risk factors (socioeconomic, behavioral, and water, sanitation and hygiene (WaSH), and clinical characteristics of Results: The rate of Conclusions: Despite low prevalence, shigellosis still poses a significant burden of diarrheal disease, warranting future incidence studies. First-line antibiotics against

Indexed as

antimicrobial resistanceKenyashigellashigellosisurban slum

Identifiers

PMID39963694
PMCPMC11832040

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.