Trial reportFrontiers in immunology2025
Blood biomarker dynamics in people with relapsing multiple sclerosis treated with cladribine tablets: results of the 2-year MAGNIFY-MS study.
Trial report in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT03364036 (A 2-year Prospective Study to Evaluate the Onset of Action of Mavenclad® in Subjects With Highly Active Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A 2-year Prospective Study to Evaluate the Onset of Action of Mavenclad® in Subjects With Highly Active Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis (MAGNIFY)
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Intrathecal immunoglobulin production in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- International Expert Opinion on Optimal Switching to Cladribine Tablets from Other High-Efficacy Disease-Modifying Therapies for Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Opportunities and Challenges.Neurology and therapy · 2026Review
- Confined B-Cell Reconstruction and High T-Cell Clonality Define Clinical Response to Cladribine Treatment.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy-Mediated Modulation of the Gut Microbiota in Multiple Sclerosis: The Effects of High-Efficacy (Cladribine) and Moderate-Efficacy (Interferon Beta-1a) Treatments.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- The effect of cladribine tablets on intrathecal inflammation in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- T cell-mediated immunodysregulation in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic subsets to therapeutic advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Treg Susceptibility to Cladribine-Induced Depletion Correlates With Therapy Response in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- A drug evaluation narrative review of cladribine as a treatment for multiple sclerosis.Neurodegenerative disease management · 2025Review
- Cladribine Preserves Normal Central Nervous System Cellular Activity and Promotes Neuroprotection to Oxidative Stress Damage.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Summary of Research: Blood Biomarker Dynamics in People with Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis Treated with Cladribine Tablets: Results of the 2-Year MAGNIFY-MS Study.Neurology and therapy · 2025Article
- Clinical and mechanistic effects of cladribine in relapsing multiple sclerosis: 2-year results from the MAGNIFY-MS Study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- Serum neurofilament light chain in multiple sclerosis: from biological signal to clinically informed decision-making.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and objectives: Cladribine tablets (CladT) represent an effective immune reconstitution therapy, administered in short treatment courses over two consecutive years. To better understand the amplitude of immune changes, we performed a comprehensive analysis during the 2-year study period for the entire MAGNIFY-MS population (N=270). In addition to lymphocyte kinetics, we studied intracellular cytokines serum proteins, and their associations with clinical outcomes. To put these changes into perspective, we analyzed transcriptional changes in T and B cells and associated biological pathways before and after each treatment course with CladT. Methods: Immunophenotyping and transcriptomics were performed at regular visits with major differences reported between baseline (BL) and after each yearly treatment course. Assessments included: lymphocyte dynamics, RNA sequencing (B and T cells), intracellular cytokines, serum proteins (immunoglobulins [IgG and IgM], and serum neurofilament light chain [sNfL]). Clinical measures included: MRI activity, annualized relapse rate (ARR), 6-month confirmed disability progression (6mCDP), timed 25-foot walk (T25FW), and 9-hole peg test (9HPT). Results: All B, T and NK cells were reduced at month (M)3 after CladT administration, except regulatory B cells which increased above BL from M3 to M24. Naïve and transitional B cells recovered at M6; all other B and T cell subsets remained below BL levels. Reductions in all NK cell subtypes were observed at M3, CD16 Discussion: Deep longitudinal immunophenotyping, analysis of transcriptional changes, reduction in cells expressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, along with the marker of neuroaxonal damage provide novel and innovative evidence of CladT rebalancing the immune system towards a more homeostatic and less pathogenic state. Clinical Trial Registration: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/, identifier NCT03364036.
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