ArticleJournal of eating disorders2025
Eating disorder symptomatology among transgender and gender-diverse individuals: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Journal of eating disorders, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Psychometric Validation of the Turkish ORTO-11 and Psychological Correlates of Orthorexic Tendencies in Transgender Adults Before Gender-Affirming Treatment.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Iatrogenic Harm, Psychotherapy, and Eating Disorders: An Urgent Call to Action.International journal of mental health nursing · 2026Article
- Exploring the Intersection of Gender Identity and Eating Behaviours in Gender-Diverse Populations.European eating disorders review : the journal of the Eating Disorders Association · 2026Article
- Starving for Data: Eating Disorders Prevalence and Research Gaps in Southern Africa.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Review
- Eating Disorder Risk and Diagnosis Among East Asian Youth in the United States: Findings From the Healthy Minds Study, 2020-2023.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Disordered eating in autistic trans and gender diverse people: a lived experience-led scoping review.Journal of eating disorders · 2025Review
- "Prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders among Norwegian university students before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, 2018 and 202.: The SHoT study."Journal of eating disorders · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTransgender and gender-diverse individuals tend to be at increased risk of experiencing eating disorders compared to cisgender individuals. Gender-affirming treatment seems to have a significant impact on eating disorder symptomatology; however, there is limited knowledge of gender transition and gender congruence in relation to eating disorder symptomatology. The study aimed to both estimate the prevalence of eating disorders and eating disorder symptomatology among transgender and gender-diverse individuals and assess the motivation behind engaging in eating and diet habits. Furthermore, the association between the degree of transition, gender congruence, and eating disorder symptomatology was explored, and the level of body dissatisfaction and quality of life was examined.
methodTransgender and gender-diverse individuals were compared to a matched non-clinical comparison group. A national cross-sectional survey, including the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, and assessments of gender transition, gender congruence, body dissatisfaction, and quality of life were forwarded to all individuals who had active contact with one of three centres for gender identity and a non-clinical comparison group. Fisher's exact test, two-sample t-test, and linear regression model were conducted for analyses.
resultsIn total, 1,132 transgender and gender-diverse individuals and 688 individuals from the non-clinical comparison group were included. The prevalence of eating disorders was 19.25% (n = 119) among transgender and gender-diverse individuals compared to 14.02% (n = 75) in the non-clinical comparison group (p-value = 0.010); 80.6% of the transgender and gender-diverse individuals reported using eating and diet habits to modify sex characteristics and/or gender expression. Gender congruence and gender transition were negatively associated with ED symptomatology. Transgender and gender-diverse individuals had significantly lower gender congruence and quality of life and higher body dissatisfaction than the non-clinical comparison group.
conclusionTransgender and gender-diverse individuals seemed to experience disproportionately high levels of eating disorder symptomatology and engaged in eating and diet habits primarily for gender-affirming purposes, potentially increasing the risk of developing eating disorders. Gender transition and gender congruence seem to be important factors to consider in relation to eating disorder symptomatology. Thus, gender-affirming health care for transgender and diverse individuals seems essential to reduce or prevent the development of eating disorders.
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