ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2025
Influence of biological sex in inflammatory bowel diseases.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence, timing and risk factors of extraintestinal manifestations in inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective cohort study from a German tertiary referral center.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2026Article
- Outcomes of risankizumab use in adults with Crohn's disease in a real-world setting (ARISE-CD): a multicentre, retrospective cohort study.BMJ open gastroenterology · 2026Observational
- All-cause and cause-specific mortality in inflammatory bowel disease across the biologic era: a population-based matched cohort study.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2026Article
- Sex-specific patterns of avoidant and restrictive eating in inflammatory bowel disease: validation of the German version of the Nine Item Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake disorder screen (NIAS).Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Identification and validation of fecal complement component 3 and fibronectin as potential biomarkers for monitoring disease activity in ulcerative colitis based on a mouse model.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Global trends in the burden of inflammatory bowel disease from 1990 to 2021: socioeconomic and sex-specific disparities with exploratory mendelian randomization analyses.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Fecal Microbiota Transplantation from Toddler Donors Ameliorated DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice by Reshaping Gut Microbiota.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Lyophilized mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles for the oral treatment of inflammatory bowel disease: a novel cell-free therapeutic strategy.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Regional and Sex-Dependent Immune Profiling Across the Colon in A Mouse Model of Ulcerative Colitis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- A microbiota-IPA axis facilitates intestinal stem cell-mediated regeneration in colitis through a Hopx-associated program.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Global burden of inflammatory bowel disease in Group 20 countries, 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis with projections to 2050.Medicine · 2026Article
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates programmed cell death in diseases: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The Burden of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Gulf Cooperation Council Countries from 1990 to 2021 with Forecasting Projections to 2030: A Global Burden of Disease Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sexual dimorphism in colon is mediated by an androgen-IL33Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Decline in Serum Lysophosphatidylcholine Species in Patients with Severe Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Cholesteryl Ester Species but Not Serum Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Levels Decline in Male Patients with Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Sex-specific and socioeconomic disparities in the global burden of inflammatory bowel disease in 204 countries, 1990-2021: projections to 2050.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Crohn's disease in coastal China: epidemiological profile and determinants of diagnostic delay in the Yancheng cohort.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has risen in the past decades and has emerged as a global health issue. IBD is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. There is compelling evidence for the role of biological sex in IBD epidemiology, pathophysiology, disease progression, symptoms and extra-intestinal diseases. IBD disease course, management and therapies differ between men and women, yet there is a paucity of analysis of sex as a factor. This Review discusses the known influence of sex-linked genetic factors, hormones and hormone receptors in IBD incidence, prevalence, disease burden and clinical manifestation. Furthermore, we review the mechanisms underlying these sex-dependent effects on the dysregulation of gastrointestinal mucosal immunity (immune, epithelial barrier and microbiota) in IBD. To support the progressive inclusion of sex in the study of IBD, we summarize the current standard research methodology that should be implemented to investigate sex as a biological variable in IBD studies. Enhanced comprehension of the influence of sex in IBD pathophysiology will advance the development of targeted therapies and improve patient care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.