Non-fasting and fasting serum triglyceride concentrations and new-onset hyperuricemia in the general Japanese population: ISSA-CKD study.

It has been suggested that non-fasting triglyceride (TG) concentrations may be useful in predicting various diseases. However, current epidemiological evidence focuses mainly on the effects of fasting TG concentrations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fasting and non-fasting TG levels on new-onset hyperuricemia (HUA) in the general Japanese population. This is a population-based retrospective cohort study (ISSA-CKD study); it included 5,576 participants without HUA at baseline between 2008 and 2019. Participants were categorized into gender-specific tertile groups of serum TG levels: group 1 (< 83 mg/dL [0.94 mmol/l] in male and < 77 mg/dL [0.87mmol/l] in female), group 2 (83-129mg/dL [0.94-1.46mmol/l] in male and 77-114 mg/dL [0.87-1.29mmol/l in female), and group 3 (≥ 130mg/dL [1.47 mmol/l] in male and ≥ 115 mg/dL [1.30mmol/l] in female). Outcome of this study was new-onset HUA (serum uric acid > 7 mg/dL [0.42 mmol/l]). During the 5.4-year follow-up period, 552 male and 146 female participants developed new-onset HUA. Incidence rates (per 1,000 person-years) of HUA were 18.2 in group 1, 21.9 in group 2 and 31.0 in group 3 among male, and 2.1 in group 1, 4.0 in group 2 and 7.4 group 3 among female. These associations remained significant after adjustment for confounders (p trend < 0.0001 among male and 0.0004 for female). There was no clear difference in effect of non-fasting and fasting TG levels on the development of new HUA (P interaction = 0.546 for male and 0.886 for female). Non-fasting and fasting TG concentrations were significantly associated with new-onset HUA among general Japanese men and women.