Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39961984›Full record

ArticleJournal of racial and ethnic health disparities2025

Quantifying the Associations Between Social Determinants of Health and Blood Pressure 1-3 Years Following Pregnancy in Black Women.

Shannon L Walker, Rebekah J Walker, Aprill Z Dawson, Joni S Williams, Anna Palatnik, Leonard E Egede

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Shannon L WalkerSchool of Medicine, Mary Ann Swetland Center for Environmental Health, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Rebekah J WalkerCenter for Advancing Population Sciences (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. rebwalker@mcw.edu.
Aprill Z DawsonCenter for Advancing Population Sciences (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Joni S WilliamsCenter for Advancing Population Sciences (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Anna PalatnikDivision of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Leonard E EgedeCenter for Advancing Population Sciences (CAPS), Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Funding

HOME DM-BAT: Home-based Diabetes-Modified Behavioral Activation Treatment for Low Income Seniors with T2DM Diversity SupplementR01DK118038 · NIDDK · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI EGEDE, LEONARD E. · 2019 to 2023
$3.5M
Financial Incentives And Nurse Coaching to Enhance Diabetes Outcomes (FINANCE-DM) - Diversity SupplementR01DK120861 · NIDDK · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI EGEDE, LEONARD E. · 2019 to 2023
$3.4M
Lowering the Impact of Food insecurity in African American Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (LIFT-DM) - Diversity SupplementR01MD013826 · NIMHD · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI EGEDE, LEONARD E., WALKER, REBEKAH J · 2019 to 2023
$3.4M
Structural Racism and Disparities in Social Risk, Human Capital, Health Care Resources, and Health Outcomes: A Multi-level Analysis of Pathways and Policy Levers for ChangeR01MD017574 · NIMHD · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Leonard E. Egede, Sebastian Linde · 2023 to 2026
$2.5M
Impact of structural racism on hospital/clinic closures, community assets, and health outcomes in urban communitiesR01MD018012 · NIMHD · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Leonard E. Egede, Sebastian Linde · 2023 to 2026
$2.4M
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction for Adults with Food Insecurity Using Structured Incentives (CVD-FIT)R01MD018721 · NIMHD · STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO · PI Rebekah J Walker · 2024 to 2026
$2.0M
Community-Based Intervention to Improve Diabetes Outcomes in Older African American Women with Multi-Caregiving BurdenR21DK123720 · NIDDK · MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN · PI WILLIAMS, JONI STROM · 2020 to 2022
$595k
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK118038NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK118038NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK120861NIDDK NIH HHS R01DK120861NIDDK NIH HHS R21 DK123720NIH HHS R21DK123720NIMHD NIH HHS PI: Egede/LindeNIMHD NIH HHS PI: Egede/WalkerNIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD013826NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD013826NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD017574NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD017574NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD018012NIMHD NIH HHS R01MD018012NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD018721
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveExamine the association between social determinants of health (SDOH) (cultural, neighborhood, and physical factors) and blood pressure (BP) in Black women 1-3 years following delivery.

methodsCross-sectional data collected from N=204 adult Black women who had a live delivery between 2013 and 2022 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA, were analyzed. Sequential linear and logistic regression models were run to test associations between SDOH variables and systolic and diastolic BP. SDOH were the independent variables; systolic and diastolic BP were the outcome variables. Stepwise linear and logistic regression with forward selection were run to assess the independent associations between SDOH and BP in Black women 1-3 after pregnancy.

resultsMean systolic and diastolic BP were 120.1 (± 17.4 SE) and 82.0 (± 13.2 SE), respectively. In final stepwise regression models, age (β 0.61, 95% CI 0.20, 1.02), income (β 5.45 95% CI 0.35, 10.56), chance health locus of control (β -0.78, 95% CI -1.37, -0.19), depression (β 0.59, 95% CI 0.10, 1.08), BMI (β 0.33, 95% CI 0.08, 0.57), family history of preeclampsia (β 7.92, 95% CI 1.49, 14.35), and kidney disease (β 60.32, 95% CI 38.71, 81.93) were associated with systolic BP. Age (β 0.53, 95% CI 0.23, 0.83), depression (β 0.55, 95% CI 0.22, 0.87), BMI (β 0.45, 95% CI 0.28, 0.63), family history of preeclampsia (β 5.71, 95% CI 0.97, 10.45), and kidney disease were significantly associated with diastolic BP.

conclusionDepression was associated with increased systolic BP and chance health locus of control was associated with decreased systolic BP. Depression was significantly associated with increased diastolic BP. Future research should explore causal mechanisms between depression and hypertension risk.

Indexed as

Black or African AmericanBlood PressureSocial Determinants of HealthAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancyWisconsinYoung AdultBlood pressureSocial determinants of healthWomen’s health

Identifiers

PMID39961984
PMCPMC12240704

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.