ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2025
Identification of Natural Killer Cell-Associated Clusters in Skin Melanoma and the Impact on Prognosis and Drug Sensitivity.
Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSkin melanoma exhibits significant heterogeneity in clinical outcomes and treatment responses among patients. This study aimed to investigate natural killer (NK) cell clusters in skin melanoma, their impact on patient prognosis, and their value as biomarkers for tailoring treatment.
methodsWe used data from TCGA, GSE19234, GSE65904, GSE244982, and GSE78220. A gene classifier was developed to identify two distinct clusters of melanoma patients. Survival analysis, NK cell infiltration levels, and responses to immune and targeted therapies were evaluated.
resultsUnsupervised clustering revealed two distinct melanoma patient clusters with significant differences in NK cell activity and clinical outcomes. Cluster 1 showed higher NK cell infiltration, better overall survival (OS) (p < 0.0001), and greater activity in NK-cell-related pathways. In contrast, Cluster 2, characterized by lower NK cell activity and higher exhaustion markers, had poorer OS. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that Cluster 1 was more responsive to most melanoma treatments, whereas Cluster 2 had higher sensitivity to trametinib (p < 0.001). The developed gene classifier had an AUC of 0.913 and effectively differentiated between clusters. Additionally, Cluster 1 showed better responses to immunotherapy with a higher rate of complete and partial responses (p < 0.001). These findings were validated in external databases.
conclusionThis study identifies two distinct NK-cell-related clusters in melanoma with differential prognoses and treatment responses. These findings underscore the importance of integrating NK-cell-related profiles into personalized treatment strategies, offering a pathway to optimize therapeutic outcomes based on specific immune profiles.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.