ArticleDiscover public health2025
Measles outbreak investigation in Kakumiro District, Uganda, February-May 2024.
Article in Discover public health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Preliminary safety data from a randomised trial of early versus standard timing of administration of measles-rubella vaccine in Ugandan infants.Discover medicine · 2026Trial
- Measles in Ugandan Children Under 18 Months of Age: A Retrospective Study of Case-based Surveillance, 2018-2024.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Measles: An Updated Literature Review of the Host Response, Pathogenesis, Complications, Prevention Measures, and Recent Outbreaks.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: On April 7, 2024, the Uganda Ministry of Health was notified of a measles outbreak in Kakumiro District involving death of a suspected case. We investigated to determine the scope of the outbreak, assess risk factors for disease transmission, and recommend evidenced-based interventions. Methods: We defined a suspected case as onset of fever and maculopapular generalized rash with ≥ 1 of cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis in any resident of Kakumiro District during February Results: We identified 188 suspected cases, including 6 (3.2%) confirmed and 1 (0.5%) death. The overall attack rate (AR) was 67/100,000 persons. Children aged < 9 months (AR = 232/100,000) and those aged 9 months-≤ 5 years (AR = 177/100,000) were the most affected. The most affected sub-counties were Kisengwe (AR = 313/100,000), Kasambya (AR = 126/100,000) and Kakumiro Town Council (AR = 110/100,000). Non-vaccination (aOR = 2.9, 95%CI 1.1-7.6), exposure to a measles case in a health facility during exposure period (aOR = 47, 95%CI 6.09-369) and exposure to measles case in the same household during exposure period (aOR = 9.3, 95%CI 2.9-30) were associated with measles infections. Vaccine coverage was 88% (95%CI 79%-94%) and vaccine effectiveness was 65% (95%CI 13%-91%). We observed crowding and lack of triaging/isolation in health facilities. Conclusions: This outbreak was facilitated by non-vaccination and propagated by exposure to infected persons in health facilities and households. We recommended to MoH to conduct a supplementary immunization activity that included children < 9 months in the target group. Triaging and isolation of cases might help to reduce the spread of measles in future outbreaks. There is also need to develop strategies to improve vaccine effectiveness in the district.
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