ArticleBiomedical optics express2025
Multi-modal transport of intensity diffraction tomography microscopy with an electrically tunable lens [Invited].
Article in Biomedical optics express, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Optical diffraction tomographic microscopy: a cutting-edge label-free three-dimensional bioimaging.Biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Recent breakthroughs in digital holography, 2D/3D imaging, and holographic optical elements: introduction.Biomedical optics express · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) is an important technique for three-dimensional (3D) imaging of semi-transparent biological samples, enabling volumetric visualization of living cells, cultures, and tissues without the need for exogenous dyes. However, ODT faces significant challenges in imaging complex biological specimens due to the limited specificity of refractive index (RI) and the coupled relationship between absorption and phase in image formation. Here, we present multi-modal transport of intensity diffraction tomography (MM-TIDT), a high-speed 3D microscopy technique that integrates an electrically tunable lens with modified illumination patterns to decouple phase and absorption information. Leveraging dual illumination schemes-circular and annular apertures-MM-TIDT acquires two intensity stacks, facilitating accurate phase and absorption decoupling. Based on an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework with total variation (TV) and non-negativity regularization, our method reconstructs multi-modal 3D distributions of fluorescence and complex RI with high accuracy and robustness. Experimental validation with fluorescent polystyrene microspheres, Spirulina specimens, and DAPI-labeled C166 cells demonstrates the multi-modal imaging capability of MM-TIDT to resolve fine structural details across diverse sample types, providing a versatile platform for exploring dynamic biological processes and intricate cellular interactions.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.