Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39958825›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025

Increased serum soluble PD-l1 levels in patients with advanced stages of chronic kidney disease.

Ayaka Hayashi, Hiroto Ishihara, Mayuko Kawabe, Kazuhiko Kato, Akio Nakashima, Izumi Yamamoto, Teppei Sakano, Hiroe Kobashi, Makoto Morita, Takashi Yokoo and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. T-Cell Remodeling in Renal Fibrosis: From Acute Injury to Chronic Kidney Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ayaka HayashiDivision of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroto IshiharaDivision of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Mayuko KawabeDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Kazuhiko KatoDivision of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Akio NakashimaDivision of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Izumi YamamotoDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Teppei SakanoDivision of Innovation for Medical Information Technology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Hiroe KobashiDepartment of Infectious Disease, Team Medical Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.
Makoto MoritaDivision of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Takashi YokooDivision of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Mitsuyoshi UrashimaDivision of Molecular Epidemiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Programed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is overexpressed on renal tubular and vascular epithelial cells in inflammatory kidney diseases as well as on aged kidney podocytes, contributing to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. The association of serum soluble programed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) levels and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression is unknown. Methods: To compare serum sPD-L1 levels among healthy individuals and patients with various CKD stages, including those undergoing dialysis, a secondary analysis was performed using clinical data and residual serum samples from four distinct cohorts, each prospectively collected for different research purposes: The Vaccine Cohort (2021-2022), the Cancer Cohort (2010-2018), the Dialysis Initiation Cohort (2023-2024), and the Dialysis Maintenance Cohort (2011-2015) included patients on stable maintenance dialysis. Results: The study analyzed serum sPD-L1 levels in 2,829 participants (mean age, 54.2 years; male, 54.2%) across the four cohorts. In the Vaccine and Cancer cohorts, sPD-L1 levels increased significantly with age ( Conclusion: Serum sPD-L1 levels might increase with CKD stage progression, dialysis initiation and longer dialysis duration. Further clinical investigation is required to confirm these results.

Indexed as

chronic kidney diseasedialysisimmune checkpoint inhibitorPD-1PD-L1soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1)

Identifiers

PMID39958825
PMCPMC11826805

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