Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39958680›Full record

ArticleJournal of cognition2025

Long-term Contingency Learning Depends on Contingency Awareness.

Klaus Rothermund, Lennart Kapinos, Jan De Houwer, James R Schmidt

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cognition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Klaus RothermundFriedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9350-5272
Lennart KapinosFriedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
Jan De HouwerGhent University, Ghent, Belgium.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0488-5224
James R SchmidtLEAD-CNRS UMR5022, Universitéde Bourgogne, Dijon, France.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0412-396X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We examined long-term contingency learning (CL) in a color classification task with two separate sets of non-overlapping color-word contingencies that were employed in alternating blocks of the task ("alternating blocks paradigm"). Analyzing only the first occurrences of the word distractors in each block provides a pure indicator of long-term CL that is free from recency-based episodic retrieval processes. A high-powered (n = 110), pre-registered study revealed evidence for reliable long-term color-word CL. This long-term CL effect depended on contingency awareness, indicating that genuine long-term CL is influenced by propositional knowledge.

Indexed as

contingency awarenessContingency learningepisodic response retrievallaw of recencypropositional knowledgestimulus-response binding

Identifiers

PMID39958680
PMCPMC11827565

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.