ArticleFrontiers in sports and active living2025
Within-individual design for assessing true individual responses in resistance training-induced muscle hypertrophy.
Article in Frontiers in sports and active living, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of Modest Carbohydrate-Energy Supplementation on Resistance Training Adaptations in Trained Men: A Crossover Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Effects of deload periods in resistance training on muscle hypertrophy and strength endurance in untrained young men using a randomized within subject design.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Heavy resistance exercise training in older men: A responder and inter-individual variability analysis.PloS one · 2026Trial
- Hypertrophic Effects of Single- versus Multi-Joint Exercise: A Direct Comparison between Knee Extension and Leg Press.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2026Article
- Research into resistance training response heterogeneity: a summary of the 2025 conference at the University of Jyväskylä.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Understanding interindividual variability in muscle hypertrophy in response to resistance training (RT) is a key focus of contemporary research. Common aims include identifying determinants of variability and recognizing individuals who do not respond to RT (i.e., non-responders). However, accurately identifying true individual responses (TIR) remains challenging due to the complex nature of muscle hypertrophy assessments. This complexity arises from distinguishing the TIR from natural variation in muscle mass over time and random measurement error in pre- and postintervention assessments. Existing studies have often overlooked this complexity, failing to employ experimental designs capable of isolating the TIR. Additionally, the reliance on random measurement error assessments based on group level data may not adequately capture the biological variation in muscle mass within individuals. In this context, we propose an experimental design based on unilateral, within-subject resistance training, capable of estimating biological variation in muscle mass and identifying TIR to RT-induced muscle hypertrophy. Additionally, we present an approach to effectively identify non-responders.
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Registered trials
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